Abstract
Flumioxazin plus metolachlor mixtures preemergence (PRE) were evaluated with or without postemergence (POST) herbicides for weed control and peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) response in three North Carolina studies. Metolachlor PRE at 2.24 kg ai/ha controlled goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) and yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus ) 93 and 80%, respectively, and control was not improved with flumioxazin or norflurazon. Metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 or 0.11 kg ai/ha controlled common lambsquarters ( Chenopodium album ); entireleaf ( Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula ), ivyleaf ( I. hederacea ), and pitted morningglory ( I. lacunosa ); and prickly sida ( Sida spinosa ) better than metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE at 1.34 kg ai/ha. Morningglories ( Ipomoea spp.) were controlled 77 and 86% with flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 and 0.11 kg/ha, respectively, and control was increased to nearly 100% with acifluorfen plus 2,4-DB or lactofen plus 2,4-DB POST. Peanut injury by flumioxazin and norflurazon was observed at one location in 1997; however, yields were not reduced. Peanut treated with metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at either rate yielded at least 3,750 kg/ha compared to 3,120 kg/ha with metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE or 1,320 kg/ha with metolachlor PRE.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor controlled goosegrass by 93%.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- Metolachlor PRE at 2.24 kg ai/hae0
- Interactor
- Eleusine indica
Eleusine indicae0weed - Outcome
- goosegrasse0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 93e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metolachlor PRE at 2.24 kg ai/ha controlled goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) and yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus ) 93 and 80%, respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor controlled yellow nutsedge by 80%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Metolachlor PRE at 2.24 kg ai/hae0
- Interactor
- Cyperus esculentus
Cyperus esculentuse0weed - Outcome
- yellow nutsedgee0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metolachlor PRE at 2.24 kg ai/ha controlled goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) and yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus ) 93 and 80%, respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding flumioxazin or norflurazon did not improve goosegrass or nutsedge control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- flumioxazin or norflurazone0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- not improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control was not improved with flumioxazin or norflurazon.”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor plus flumioxazin controlled lambsquarters, morningglories and prickly sida better than metolachlor plus norflurazon.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 or 0.11 kg ai/hae0
- Outcome
- controlled common lambsquarterse0
- Direction
- better thane0
- Comparator
- metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE at 1.34 kg ai/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 or 0.11 kg ai/ha controlled common lambsquarters ( Chenopodium album ); entireleaf ( Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula ), ivyleaf ( I. hederacea ), and pitted morningglory ( I. lacunosa ); and prickly sida ( Sida spinosa ) better than metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE at 1.34 kg ai/ha.”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin at 0.07 kg/ha controlled morningglories by 77%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- flumioxazin PRE at 0.07e0
- Outcome
- Morninggloriese0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 77e0
IpomoeaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Morningglories ( Ipomoea spp.) were controlled 77 and 86% with flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 and 0.11 kg/ha, respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin at 0.11 kg/ha controlled morningglories by 86%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 0.11 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Morninggloriese0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 86%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Morningglories ( Ipomoea spp.) were controlled 77 and 86% with flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 and 0.11 kg/ha, respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence herbicides increased morningglory control to nearly 100%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- acifluorfen plus 2,4-DB or lactofen plus 2,4-DB POSTe0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- nearly 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control was increased to nearly 100% with acifluorfen plus 2,4-DB or lactofen plus 2,4-DB POST.”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin and norflurazon injured peanut at one site, but did not reduce yield.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- Peanut injurye0
- Setting
- one locatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut injury by flumioxazin and norflurazon was observed at one location in 1997; however, yields were not reduced.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut receiving metolachlor plus flumioxazin yielded at least 3,750 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at either ratee0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- at leaste0
- Value
- 3,750 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- metolachlor plus norflurazon PREe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut treated with metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at either rate yielded at least 3,750 kg/ha compared to 3,120 kg/ha with metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE or 1,320 kg/ha with metolachlor PRE.”
The same questions in other papers
metolachlor · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- no effect
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →flumioxazin · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →metolachlor · Cyperus esculentus · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
norflurazon · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
metolachlor · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →acifluorfen · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →flumioxazin · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →flumioxazin · Ipomoea · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.