Abstract
The effects of rhizobium inoculation, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi and seed-applied captan on field bean growth and N 2 fixation were studied under greenhouse conditions. 15 N isotope dilution methods were used to measure N 2 fixation in a soil containing indigenous Rhizobium phaseoli. Inoculation of rhizobia onto host plants increased N 2 fixation by 50 – 82 mg N per plant compared with uninoculated controls. The incidence of nodulation was also increased by R. phaseoli inoculation. Addition of VAM to the soils increased bean dry matter production by 9 – 54% over plants not receiving VAM, and increased the N 2 fixed by rhizobially-inoculated plants by 4 – 27 mg N per plant. VAM addition resulted in greater uptake of soil N by the plants. Inoculation of captan-treated field beans with inoculum derived from a captan-tolerant strain of R. phaseoli did not result in improved N 2 fixation rates compared with inoculation with the nontolerant parent strain. Seed-applied captan reduced the proportion of nodules formed by both strains of added rhizobia, but did not result in decreased amounts of N 2 fixed by the root systems. Captan did not reduce the effectiveness of VAM. Key words: Rhizobium phaseoli, captan, VA mycorrhizae, N 2 fixation, 15 N
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobial inoculation increased fixed nitrogen by 50–82 mg N per plant.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of rhizobia onto host plants increased N 2 fixation by 50 – 82 mg N per plant compared with uninoculated controls”
t0“FIELD BEANS”
Claim · model-written summary
R. phaseoli inoculation increased nodulation incidence.
- Taxon
- FIELD BEANSt0
- Treatment
- R. phaseoli inoculatione0
- Interactor
- R. phaseoliRhizobium phaseolie0symbiont
- Outcome
- incidence of nodulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The incidence of nodulation was also increased by R. phaseoli inoculation”
t0“FIELD BEANS”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM increased bean dry matter production by 9–54%.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of VAM to the soils increased bean dry matter production by 9 – 54% over plants not receiving VAM”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM increased nitrogen fixed in rhizobially inoculated plants by 4–27 mg N per plant.
- Taxon
- FIELD BEANSt0
- Treatment
- VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGIt0
- Outcome
- N 2 fixede0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4 – 27 mg N per plante0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“increased the N 2 fixed by rhizobially-inoculated plants by 4 – 27 mg N per plant”
t0“EFFECT OF VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND CAPTAN ON GROWTH AND N2 FIXATION BY Rhizobium-INOCULATED FIELD BEANS”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM increased plant uptake of soil nitrogen.
- Taxon
- FIELD BEANSt0
- Treatment
- VAM additione0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptake of soil Ne0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“VAM addition resulted in greater uptake of soil N by the plants”
t0“FIELD BEANS”
Claim · model-written summary
Captan-tolerant rhizobia did not improve nitrogen fixation relative to the parent strain.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of captan-treated field beans with inoculum derived from a captan-tolerant strain of R. phaseoli did not result in improved N 2 fixation rates compared with inoculation with the nontolerant parent strain”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed-applied captan reduced nodules formed by added rhizobia.
- Taxon
- FIELD BEANSt0
- Treatment
- Seed-applied captane0
- Interactor
- rhizobiae0symbiont
- Outcome
- proportion of nodules formede0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Seed-applied captan reduced the proportion of nodules formed by both strains of added rhizobia”
t0“FIELD BEANS”
Claim · model-written summary
Captan did not decrease nitrogen fixed by roots.
- Taxon
- FIELD BEANSt0
- Treatment
- CAPTANt0
- Outcome
- amounts of N 2 fixede0
- Direction
- did not result in decreasede0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but did not result in decreased amounts of N 2 fixed by the root systems”
t0“EFFECT OF VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND CAPTAN ON GROWTH AND N2 FIXATION BY Rhizobium-INOCULATED FIELD BEANS”
Claim · model-written summary
Captan did not reduce VAM effectiveness.
- Taxon
- FIELD BEANSt0
- Treatment
- Captane0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- effectiveness of VAMe0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Captan did not reduce the effectiveness of VAM”
t0“FIELD BEANS”
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