Abstract
Summary Bioassays with tomato and lettuce seeds and three plant experiments with marigold ( Tagetes erecta L.) 'Inca Gold' were conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse, respectively, in order to investigate possibilities of determining and mitigating the effects of phytotoxins in pine tree substrate (PTS). PTS is produced by grinding loblolly pine tree ( Pinus taeda L.) logs, and using as horticultural growing substrate. PTS extracts obtained with cold and hot water reduced the germination rate and radicle growth of tomato and lettuce. After the washing, an improvement was monitored for radicle length of both species. The germination index supported the data of radicle length showing a better performance after the substrate washing. Radicle growth of tomato in extracts from PTS used in a plant growth experiment was improved after leaching PTS six times. The performance of marigold plants was similar to bioassays with tomatoes and lettuce. Marigold growth was improved by pretreatments of PTS. Some of these pretreatments could be recommended for use in the manufacturing process for PTS or from growers before planting. However, the best results were shown in a commercial peat-lite substrate.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cold and hot pine substrate extracts reduced tomato germination and radicle growth.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- PTS extracts obtained with cold and hot watere0
- Outcome
- germination rate and radicle growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PTS extracts obtained with cold and hot water reduced the germination rate and radicle growth of tomato and lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold and hot pine substrate extracts reduced lettuce germination and radicle growth.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- PTS extracts obtained with cold and hot watere0
- Outcome
- germination rate and radicle growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PTS extracts obtained with cold and hot water reduced the germination rate and radicle growth of tomato and lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
Washing improved tomato radicle length.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- washinge0
- Outcome
- radicle lengthe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After the washing, an improvement was monitored for radicle length of both species.”
e1“germination rate and radicle growth of tomato and lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Washing improved lettuce radicle length.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- washinge0
- Outcome
- radicle lengthe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After the washing, an improvement was monitored for radicle length of both species.”
e1“germination rate and radicle growth of tomato and lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
The germination index performed better after substrate washing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- germination indexe0
- Direction
- better performancee0
- Comparator
- after the substrate washinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination index supported the data of radicle length showing a better performance after the substrate washing.”
e1“germination rate and radicle growth of tomato and lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Six substrate leachings improved tomato radicle growth in used-substrate extracts.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- leaching PTS six timese0
- Outcome
- Radicle growth of tomatoe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Radicle growth of tomato in extracts from PTS used in a plant growth experiment was improved after leaching PTS six times.”
Claim · model-written summary
Marigold performance resembled tomato and lettuce bioassays.
Verbatim
e0“The performance of marigold plants was similar to bioassays with tomatoes and lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
Substrate pretreatments improved marigold growth.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Marigold growth was improved by pretreatments of PTS.”
Claim · model-written summary
The commercial peat-lite substrate produced the best results.
Verbatim
e0“the best results were shown in a commercial peat-lite substrate.”
e1“Marigold growth was improved”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend some pine substrate pretreatments in manufacturing or before planting.
Verbatim
e0“Some of these pretreatments could be recommended for use in the manufacturing process for PTS or from growers before planting.”
e1“Marigold growth was improved”
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See all 66 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.