Abstract
Soil pollution by heavy metals is one of the most serious obstacles to the crop production. High mobility of this metal in plant-soil system accelerates its entrance to the food chains. Stress signaling molecules such as salicylic acid is one of the plant mechanisms to counteract cadmium toxicity. To investigate the effects of salicylic acid on cadmium stress, an experiment was conducted in two sections (field and pot sections). In field section, the treatments comprised of three varieties of soybean (Sahar, Gorgan 3 and DPX), three levels of salicylic acid (0, 0.4 and 0.8 mM) and two times of spraying (once and twice). In pot section, the same treatments were used, but only over Sahar variety as a split-plot factorial based on completely randomized blocks in three replications. In the field experiment, salicylic acid foliar application caused a partial improvement in number of plant pods in DPX and Gorgan 3 varieties. Increasing salicylic acid concentration caused the plant height and sub-branch length to decrease. At the beginning of the growth season, chlorophyll content was higher in salicylic acid sprayed plants with 0.4 mM concentration. While sprayed plants with 0.8 mM of salicylic acid concentration had more leaf area duration at the end of the growth season. Spraying repetition had negative effect on leaf chlorophyll content in whole growth season. In pot section, root dry-weight, relative water content and plant height increased through salicylic acid spraying. Presence of cadmium concentrations in plant growth medium caused the number of pods in plant, number of sub-branches to increase and root dry-weight, plant height and sub-branch length to decrease. Spraying repetition showed negative effect on plant height and number of sub-branches. Applying salicylic acid with 0.4 mM concentration decreased cadmium accumulation in leaves up to 33/2 percents.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar salicylic acid partly improved pod number in DPX and Gorgan 3 in the field.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- DPX and Gorgan 3e0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid foliar applicatione0
- Outcome
- number of plant podse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“salicylic acid foliar application caused a partial improvement in number of plant pods in DPX and Gorgan 3 varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salicylic acid reduced plant height and sub-branch length.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Increasing salicylic acid concentratione0
- Outcome
- plant height and sub-branch lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Increasing salicylic acid concentration caused the plant height and sub-branch length to decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
At season start, 0.4 mM salicylic acid spraying raised chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid sprayed plants with 0.4 mM concentratione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- At the beginning of the growth seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“At the beginning of the growth season, chlorophyll content was higher in salicylic acid sprayed plants with 0.4 mM concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
At season end, 0.8 mM salicylic acid spraying raised leaf area duration.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sprayed plants with 0.8 mM of salicylic acid concentratione0
- Outcome
- leaf area duratione0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- at the end of the growth seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“sprayed plants with 0.8 mM of salicylic acid concentration had more leaf area duration at the end of the growth season”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated spraying lowered leaf chlorophyll content throughout the season.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Spraying repetitione0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Spraying repetition had negative effect on leaf chlorophyll content in whole growth season”
Claim · model-written summary
In pots, salicylic acid spraying increased root dry weight, water content and height.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid sprayinge0
- Outcome
- root dry-weight, relative water content and plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- pot sectione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“In pot section, root dry-weight, relative water content and plant height increased through salicylic acid spraying”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium in the growth medium increased pod and sub-branch numbers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- cadmium concentrations in plant growth mediume0
- Outcome
- number of pods in plant, number of sub-branchese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Presence of cadmium concentrations in plant growth medium caused the number of pods in plant, number of sub-branches to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium in the growth medium reduced root dry weight, height and sub-branch length.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- root dry-weight, plant height and sub-branch lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“root dry-weight, plant height and sub-branch length to decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated spraying reduced height and sub-branch number.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Spraying repetitione0
- Outcome
- plant height and number of sub-branchese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Spraying repetition showed negative effect on plant height and number of sub-branches”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 0.4 mM salicylic acid reduced leaf cadmium accumulation by 33/2 percents.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid with 0.4 mM concentratione0
- Outcome
- cadmium accumulation in leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 33/2 percentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Applying salicylic acid with 0.4 mM concentration decreased cadmium accumulation in leaves up to 33/2 percents”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →salicylic acid · physiology: water · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →salicylic acid · physiology: pigments · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →salicylic acid · molecular: metabolites · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
13 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →application · physiology: pigments · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →application · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
170 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
203 papers more in this group
See all 207 papers →application · physiology: water · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
17 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.