Abstract
BACKGROUND: The skilful handling of N fertilizer, including N source type and its timing, is necessary to obtain maximum profitability in wheat crops in terms of production and quality. Studies on grain yield and quality with ammonium as sole N source have not yet been conducted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N source management (nitrate vs. ammonium), and splitting it into two or three amendments during the wheat life cycle, on grain yield and quality under irrigated conditions. RESULTS: This experiment demonstrates that Cezanne wheat plants growing with ammonium as exclusive N source are able to achieve the same yield as plants growing with nitrate and that individual wheat plants grown in irrigated pots can efficiently use late N applied in GS37. Ammonium nutrition increased both types of grain reserve proteins (gliadins and glutenins) and also increased the ratio gli/glu with respect to nitrate nutrition. The splitting of the N rate enhanced the ammonium effect on grain protein composition. CONCLUSIONS: The application of ammonium N source, especially when split into three amendments, has an analogous effect on grain protein content and composition to applications at a higher N rate, leading to higher N use efficiency.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium as the sole N source gave Cezanne wheat the same yield as nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Cezannee0
- Treatment
- ammonium as exclusive N sourcee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- samee0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cezanne wheat plants growing with ammonium as exclusive N source are able to achieve the same yield as plants growing with nitrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigated potted wheat efficiently used late N at GS37.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- late N applied in GS37e0
- Outcome
- efficiently use late Ne0
- Setting
- irrigated potse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“individual wheat plants grown in irrigated pots can efficiently use late N applied in GS37”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium increased gliadins relative to nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ammonium nutritione0
- Outcome
- gliadinse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- nitrate nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium nutrition increased both types of grain reserve proteins (gliadins and glutenins) and also increased the ratio gli/glu with respect to nitrate nutrition”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium increased glutenins relative to nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ammonium nutritione0
- Outcome
- gluteninse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- nitrate nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium nutrition increased both types of grain reserve proteins (gliadins and glutenins) and also increased the ratio gli/glu with respect to nitrate nutrition”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium increased the gliadin to glutenin ratio relative to nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ammonium nutritione0
- Outcome
- ratio gli/glue0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- nitrate nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium nutrition increased both types of grain reserve proteins (gliadins and glutenins) and also increased the ratio gli/glu with respect to nitrate nutrition”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Splitting the N rate enhanced the ammonium effect on grain protein composition.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- splitting of the N ratee0
- Outcome
- grain protein compositione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The splitting of the N rate enhanced the ammonium effect on grain protein composition”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium N, especially in three amendments, had an effect on grain protein content and composition analogous to a higher N rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammonium N sourcee0
- Outcome
- grain protein content and compositione0
- Direction
- analogouse0
- Qualifier
- especially when split into three amendmentse0
- Comparator
- applications at a higher N ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ammonium N source, especially when split into three amendments, has an analogous effect on grain protein content and composition to applications at a higher N rate, leading to higher N use efficiency”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium N led to higher N use efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammonium N sourcee0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ammonium N source, especially when split into three amendments, has an analogous effect on grain protein content and composition to applications at a higher N rate, leading to higher N use efficiency”
t0“wheat”
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