Abstract
Alfalfa seedlings were stressed with salt or alkali. The growth, organic acids (OAs) and inorganic ions in stressed seedlings were measured to investigate the physiological adaptive mechanism, by which alfalfa tolerates alkali stress. For this purpose, we conducted some experiments under different salt and alkali stresses and then compared the results. The results showed that salt stress significantly stimulated alfalfa root growth. However, alkali stress decreased root dry weight by 20.83% compared with control treatment at 7 days (d). In root of seedlings subjected to alkali stress for 3 d, accumulation of Na+, citrate and malate was strongly stimulated and raised by 763.29%, 217.47% and 298.00%, respectively, compared to control. However, in shoots, only when seedlings were subjected to alkali stress for 7d, the accumulation of contents increased sharply, indicating that response of root to alkali stress is more sensitive than that of shoot. Alkali stress greatly enhanced the Na+ content, reduced the contents of inorganic anions, and induced deficit of negative charges. Under salt stress, Cl_ content heavily increased, and the contribution of OAs to osmotic adjustment was less than that of inorganic ions. Under alkali stress, alfalfa enhanced the synthesis of organic acids (OAs) (mainly citrate and malate) to compensate the shortage of inorganic anions. The OA metabolic regulation might play an important role in maintaining ion balance.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress stimulated alfalfa root growth.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress significantly stimulated alfalfa root growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress decreased root dry weight by 20.83% at 7 days versus control.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 20.83%e0
- Qualifier
- at 7 days (d)e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“alkali stress decreased root dry weight by 20.83% compared with control treatment at 7 days (d).”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress raised root Na+ by 763.29% after 3 days versus control.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- Na+e0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 763.29%e0
- Qualifier
- for 3 de0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“In root of seedlings subjected to alkali stress for 3 d, accumulation of Na+, citrate and malate was strongly stimulated and raised by 763.29%, 217.47% and 298.00%, respectively, compared to control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress raised root citrate by 217.47% after 3 days versus control.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- citratee0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 217.47%e0
- Qualifier
- for 3 de0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“In root of seedlings subjected to alkali stress for 3 d, accumulation of Na+, citrate and malate was strongly stimulated and raised by 763.29%, 217.47% and 298.00%, respectively, compared to control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress raised root malate by 298.00% after 3 days versus control.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- malatee0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 298.00%e0
- Qualifier
- for 3 de0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“In root of seedlings subjected to alkali stress for 3 d, accumulation of Na+, citrate and malate was strongly stimulated and raised by 763.29%, 217.47% and 298.00%, respectively, compared to control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot accumulation increased sharply only after 7 days of alkali stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- for 7de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“in shoots, only when seedlings were subjected to alkali stress for 7d, the accumulation of contents increased sharply”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots responded more sensitively than shoots to alkali stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- response of root to alkali stresse0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- shoote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“response of root to alkali stress is more sensitive than that of shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress enhanced Na+ content.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- Na+ contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Alkali stress greatly enhanced the Na+ content, reduced the contents of inorganic anions, and induced deficit of negative charges.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress reduced inorganic anion content.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- contents of inorganic anionse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Alkali stress greatly enhanced the Na+ content, reduced the contents of inorganic anions, and induced deficit of negative charges.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress induced a negative charge deficit.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- deficit of negative chargese0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Alkali stress greatly enhanced the Na+ content, reduced the contents of inorganic anions, and induced deficit of negative charges.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress heavily increased Cl_ content.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- Cl_ contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Under salt stress, Cl_ content heavily increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, organic acids contributed less to osmotic adjustment than inorganic ions.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- contribution of OAs to osmotic adjustmente0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- inorganic ionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“the contribution of OAs to osmotic adjustment was less than that of inorganic ions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa increased organic acid synthesis under alkali stress to compensate for inorganic anion shortage.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- synthesis of organic acids (OAs)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- to compensate the shortage of inorganic anionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under alkali stress, alfalfa enhanced the synthesis of organic acids (OAs) (mainly citrate and malate) to compensate the shortage of inorganic anions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid metabolic regulation might maintain ion balance.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- maintaining ion balancee0
- Qualifier
- OA metabolic regulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“The OA metabolic regulation might play an important role in maintaining ion balance.”
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See all 95 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.