Abstract
Summary: Callus cultures or tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. While Gold and N. glauca‐langsdorffii, a tumour‐forming amphidiploid hybrid) and soybean Glycine max L., cv. Chippewa) were used lo study the effect of glyphosate [N‐(phosphonnmethyl) glycine) un growth and interactions with growth hormones. Glyphosate inhibited growth both in the dark and light but showed a greater toxicity in the dark. This was contrary to its effect on chlorophyll degradation which was accelerated by light. The inhibition of growth was not reversed by simultaneous addition of aromatic amino acids to the medium. Thus the results suggest a multiple glyphosate action. The tobacco callus tissue was more sensitive to glyphosate than the soybean callus tissue, confirming a difference in tolerance between plant species. Despite the inhibitory effect of glyphosate. the treated tissue revived after being transferred to a glyphosate‐free medium. The glyphosate‐induced growth inhibition in soybean and tumour‐forming tobacco callus cultures also was reversible by high levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), which itself was inhibitory Theglyphosate‐IAA interaction in the tissues which were sensitive to IAA suggests that the inhibition of growth by glyphosate was related to auxin levels in these tissues.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate inhibited callus growth in darkness and light, with greater toxicity in darkness.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- greater toxicity in the darke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate inhibited growth both in the dark and light but showed a greater toxicity in the dark”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Light accelerated glyphosate-associated chlorophyll degradation.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- lighte0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll degradatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll degradation which was accelerated by light”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Aromatic amino acids did not reverse glyphosate-induced growth inhibition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- simultaneous addition of aromatic amino acidse0
- Outcome
- inhibition of growthe0
- Direction
- not reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibition of growth was not reversed by simultaneous addition of aromatic amino acids to the medium”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco callus was more glyphosate-sensitive than soybean callus.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- tobacco callus tissuee0
- Outcome
- sensitive to glyphosatee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- soybean callus tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tobacco callus tissue was more sensitive to glyphosate than the soybean callus tissue”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate-treated callus revived after transfer to glyphosate-free medium.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate‐free mediume0
- Outcome
- treated tissue revivede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treated tissue revived after being transferred to a glyphosate‐free medium”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
High indole-3-acetic acid reversed glyphosate growth inhibition in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- high levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Outcome
- growth inhibitione0
- Direction
- reversiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The glyphosate‐induced growth inhibition in soybean and tumour‐forming tobacco callus cultures also was reversible by high levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
High indole-3-acetic acid reversed glyphosate growth inhibition in tumor-forming tobacco callus.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- high levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Outcome
- growth inhibitione0
- Direction
- reversiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The glyphosate‐induced growth inhibition in soybean and tumour‐forming tobacco callus cultures also was reversible by high levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Indole-3-acetic acid itself inhibited callus growth.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Outcome
- inhibitorye0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), which itself was inhibitory”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that glyphosate inhibition relates to auxin levels in sensitive tissues.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Compound
- auxin levelse0
- Outcome
- inhibition of growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibition of growth by glyphosate was related to auxin levels in these tissues”
t0“Characteristics of glyphosate inhibition of growth in soybean and tobacco callus cultures”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →aromatic amino acid · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
indole-3-acetic acid · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
indole-3-acetic acid · disease · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
light · physiology: pigments · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.