Abstract
Several regimes of supplying exogenous aromatic amino acids to intact, 3-day-old, soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hill’] seedlings by root uptake were tested to determine if growth retardation caused by root-fed, 0.5 mM glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl) glycine] could be reversed. Generally, root-fed levels of aromatic amino acids just below growth-retarding levels (e.g. 1 mM phenylalanine + 0.1 mM tyrosine) reversed root growth inhibition caused by glyphosate to a small (ca. 10%) but significant extent. Feeding aromatic amino acids for 1 to 3 days before glyphosate exposure did not enhance the reversal. Uptake and metabolism of root-fed, aromatic amino acids in control and glyphosate-treated plants were verified by increased levels of hydroxyphenolic compounds (end products of aromatic amino acid metabolism) and by uptake and incorporation of 14 C-labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine. On a fresh weight basis, glyphosate had no inhibitory effect on uptake or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or secondary phenolic compounds. After 3 days of exposure, glyphosate had no substantial effects on shikimate dehydrogenase activity in control or aromatic amino acid-fed seedlings. These data suggest that either root-fed aromatic amino acids are compartmentalized differently than the endogenous pools affected by glyphosate or that root-fed glyphosate exerts most of its effect on growth of soybean seedlings through means other than inhibition of aromatic amino acid synthesis.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Root fed aromatic amino acids partly reversed glyphosate inhibition of soybean root growth by about 10%.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- root-fed levels of aromatic amino acidse0
- Outcome
- root growth inhibitione0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Value
- ca. 10%e0
- Comparator
- glyphosatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root-fed levels of aromatic amino acids just below growth-retarding levels (e.g. 1 mM phenylalanine + 0.1 mM tyrosine) reversed root growth inhibition caused by glyphosate to a small (ca. 10%) but significant extent”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding amino acids for one to three days before glyphosate did not enhance reversal of growth inhibition.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Feeding aromatic amino acids for 1 to 3 days before glyphosate exposuree0
- Outcome
- reversale0
- Direction
- did not enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding aromatic amino acids for 1 to 3 days before glyphosate exposure did not enhance the reversal.”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Root fed aromatic amino acid uptake and metabolism were supported by increased hydroxyphenolic compounds.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- root-fed, aromatic amino acidse0
- Outcome
- increased levels of hydroxyphenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Uptake and metabolism of root-fed, aromatic amino acids in control and glyphosate-treated plants were verified by increased levels of hydroxyphenolic compounds”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Radiolabeled phenylalanine and tyrosine were taken up and incorporated in seedlings.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- uptake and incorporation of 14 C-labeled phenylalanine and tyrosinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“uptake and incorporation of 14 C-labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
On a fresh weight basis glyphosate did not inhibit aromatic amino acid uptake or incorporation into protein or secondary phenolic compounds.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- uptake or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or secondary phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- no inhibitory effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On a fresh weight basis, glyphosate had no inhibitory effect on uptake or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or secondary phenolic compounds.”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After three days glyphosate had no substantial effect on shikimate dehydrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Gene
- shikimate dehydrogenasee0
- Outcome
- shikimate dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- no substantial effectse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 3 days of exposure, glyphosate had no substantial effects on shikimate dehydrogenase activity in control or aromatic amino acid-fed seedlings.”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest altered compartmentalization of exogenous amino acids or other glyphosate growth effects could explain the limited rescue.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- growth of soybean seedlingse0
- Qualifier
- compartmentalized differently than the endogenous pools affected by glyphosatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“either root-fed aromatic amino acids are compartmentalized differently than the endogenous pools affected by glyphosate or that root-fed glyphosate exerts most of its effect on growth of soybean seedlings through means other than inhibition of aromatic amino acid synthesis”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · quality: protein · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
aromatic amino acid · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
glyphosate · soil: biology · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.