Abstract
The use of Glyphosate herbicide is the best way to control weed growing when cultivating genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] resistant to glyphosate (N-phosphono-methylglycine) (GR). However, there have been doubts about the safety of this herbicide use concerning its effects on the plant, quality of grains and on the soil cultivated. Hence, the present study aimed at evaluating the effects of weed management two soybean cultivars (GR) and its conventional isogenic genotype with the use of different doses of glyphosate on soil processes and microorganisms, physiology and metabolism of the plant along with possible contamination of soil and seed by herbicide residues. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes, one GR BRS 243 RR and a conventional (isogenic genotype) were grown under different weed control methods: hand weeding and glyphosate herbicide application. The study was performed in Rio Grande do Sul State, during the crop seasons of 2008 to 2009, 2009 to 2010, 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012, with evaluations of soil microbial biomass and respiration, chlorophyll, nitrogen, ureides, nitrates, carotenoid, isoflavone content in seeds, and glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) residues in seeds and soil. The use of glyphosate positively affected the microbial biomass, basal respiration and seeds yield. On the other hand, the chlorophyll, nitrogen, ureides, nitrates, carotenoid, and isoflavone contents in seeds were unaffected by the treatment. Even though we used the recommended application doses, the glyphosate residues in the seeds were above the levels permitted by the Brazilian law. Also, AMPA residues were detected in the soil and the seeds.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate positively affected soil microbial biomass and basal respiration relative to hand weeding.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- GR BRS 243 RRe2
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- microbial biomass, basal respiratione1
- Direction
- positively affectede1
- Comparator
- hand weedinge2
- Setting
- Rio Grande do Sul Statee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e1“The use of glyphosate positively affected the microbial biomass, basal respiration and seeds yield”
e2“two soybean genotypes, one GR BRS 243 RR and a conventional (isogenic genotype) were grown under different weed control methods: hand weeding and glyphosate herbicide application”
e3“The study was performed in Rio Grande do Sul State, during the crop seasons of 2008 to 2009, 2009 to 2010, 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate positively affected seed yield relative to hand weeding.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- GR BRS 243 RRe2
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- seeds yielde1
- Direction
- positively affectede1
- Comparator
- hand weedinge2
- Setting
- Rio Grande do Sul Statee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e1“The use of glyphosate positively affected the microbial biomass, basal respiration and seeds yield”
e2“two soybean genotypes, one GR BRS 243 RR and a conventional (isogenic genotype) were grown under different weed control methods: hand weeding and glyphosate herbicide application”
e3“The study was performed in Rio Grande do Sul State, during the crop seasons of 2008 to 2009, 2009 to 2010, 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate left chlorophyll, nitrogen and ureides in seeds unaffected relative to hand weeding.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- GR BRS 243 RRe2
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, nitrogen, ureidese4
- Direction
- unaffectede4
- Comparator
- hand weedinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e1“The use of glyphosate positively affected the microbial biomass, basal respiration and seeds yield”
e2“two soybean genotypes, one GR BRS 243 RR and a conventional (isogenic genotype) were grown under different weed control methods: hand weeding and glyphosate herbicide application”
e4“the chlorophyll, nitrogen, ureides, nitrates, carotenoid, and isoflavone contents in seeds were unaffected by the treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate left nitrates, carotenoid and isoflavone contents in seeds unaffected relative to hand weeding.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- GR BRS 243 RRe2
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- nitrates, carotenoid, and isoflavone contents in seedse4
- Direction
- unaffectede4
- Comparator
- hand weedinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e1“The use of glyphosate positively affected the microbial biomass, basal respiration and seeds yield”
e2“two soybean genotypes, one GR BRS 243 RR and a conventional (isogenic genotype) were grown under different weed control methods: hand weeding and glyphosate herbicide application”
e4“the chlorophyll, nitrogen, ureides, nitrates, carotenoid, and isoflavone contents in seeds were unaffected by the treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate residues in the seeds were above the levels permitted by Brazilian law despite recommended doses.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- glyphosate residues in the seedse5
- Direction
- abovee5
- Comparator
- the levels permitted by the Brazilian lawe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e5“Even though we used the recommended application doses, the glyphosate residues in the seeds were above the levels permitted by the Brazilian law”
Claim · model-written summary
AMPA residues were detected in the soil and in the seeds.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- AMPA residuese6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetically modified soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e6“Also, AMPA residues were detected in the soil and the seeds”
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.