Abstract
Small fruit size is a common problem in Salustiana oranges. Many reports exist on the use of synthetic auxins to enhance citrus fruit size. Few of these studies delve on the effect of auxins on carbohydrate metabolism and its relationship with enzyme activity. Sugar balance is an important trait for fruit quality and depends on the enzymatic metabolism at different tissue levels. The effect of 2,4Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) applications on fruit growth, sugar content, and invertase activity was studied on sweet orange fruit on 20-year-old trees of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Salustiana. Carbohydrates were quantified via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the sugars released by the invertase activity with the Somogy–Nelson method. Then, the growth variables of the fruit were characterized (diameter and fresh and dry weight). The results showed that application of 2,4-D (20 mgL -1 , 3.6 L per tree) increased fruit size at maturity (5 mm). Application of 2,4-D increased sugar levels in the fruit and influenced the activity of the different invertase isoforms. The increased activity of the acid invertase isoform suggests a direct effect of 2,4-D on the increased fruit sink strength; it is also related to increased consumption of sugars during the initial fruit development stage.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D increased mature fruit size by 5 mm.
- Taxon
- sweet orange
Citrus sinensist0 - Organ / stage
- at maturitye0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D (20 mgL -1 , 3.6 L per tree)e0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5 mme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 2,4-D (20 mgL -1 , 3.6 L per tree) increased fruit size at maturity (5 mm)”
t0“Effect of 2,4-D on fruit sugar accumulation and invertase activity in sweet orange cv. Salustiana”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D increased fruit sugar levels.
- Taxon
- sweet orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- sugar levels in the fruite0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 2,4-D increased sugar levels in the fruit”
t0“Effect of 2,4-D on fruit sugar accumulation and invertase activity in sweet orange cv. Salustiana”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D influenced activities of different invertase isoforms.
- Taxon
- sweet orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Gene
- invertase isoformse0
- Outcome
- activity of the different invertase isoformse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 2,4-D increased sugar levels in the fruit and influenced the activity of the different invertase isoforms”
t0“Effect of 2,4-D on fruit sugar accumulation and invertase activity in sweet orange cv. Salustiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased acid invertase activity suggests a direct 2,4-D effect on fruit sink strength.
- Taxon
- sweet orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Gene
- acid invertase isoforme0
- Outcome
- fruit sink strengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased activity of the acid invertase isoform suggests a direct effect of 2,4-D on the increased fruit sink strength”
t0“Effect of 2,4-D on fruit sugar accumulation and invertase activity in sweet orange cv. Salustiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid invertase activity was related to greater sugar consumption during early fruit development.
- Taxon
- sweet orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Organ / stage
- initial fruit development stagee0
- Gene
- acid invertase isoforme1
- Outcome
- consumption of sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is also related to increased consumption of sugars during the initial fruit development stage”
t0“Effect of 2,4-D on fruit sugar accumulation and invertase activity in sweet orange cv. Salustiana”
e1“The increased activity of the acid invertase isoform suggests a direct effect of 2,4-D on the increased fruit sink strength; it is also related to increased consumption of sugars during the initial fruit development stage.”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.