Abstract
In growing Washington Navel orange in Japan, poor fruit set has often been a serious problem.In order to investigate the effective means of improving fruit set, solution of urea or several growth regulators were sprayed during the flowering period or about four weeks after petal fall, and at the same time, the effect of cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollen was examined.1. The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period. Cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollen also increased the fruit set.2. Combined treatment of cross-pollination and gibberellin or urea spray was more effective than each of single treatment.3. Gibberellin spray seemed to be more effective than cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollen.4. Gibberellin sprayed in young fruit period was more effective than in flowering period, and there was little difference in its effect between repeated sprays in flowering and young fruit period and a single spray in young fruit period. On the contrary, urea was more effective when sprayed in flowering period than in young fruit period.5. Gibberellin seemed to be more effective at higher concentrations till 500ppm, but the difference between 500ppm and 1000ppm was not remarkable.6. Spraying of some growth regulators-2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T, 2, 4, 5-TP and etc.-showed no definite effects in increasing fruit set when they were applied both in flowering and young fruit period.7. On the trees the fruit set of which was very poor because of much more flowers and less leaves, spraying of urea or gibberellin as well as cross-pollination with Natsudaidai showed no effect in increasing fruit set.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin increased Washington Navel orange fruit set.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orange
Citrus sinensise1 - Treatment
- gibberelline1
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea spray increased Washington Navel orange fruit set.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- urea spraye1
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Natsudaidai cross pollination increased fruit set.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- Cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollene0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollen also increased the fruit set.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cross pollination combined with gibberellin was more effective than single treatments.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- cross-pollination and gibberelline0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- each of single treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined treatment of cross-pollination and gibberellin or urea spray was more effective than each of single treatment.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cross pollination combined with urea was more effective than single treatments.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- cross-pollination and gibberellin or urea spraye0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- each of single treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined treatment of cross-pollination and gibberellin or urea spray was more effective than each of single treatment.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin seemed more effective than Natsudaidai cross pollination.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- Gibberellin spraye0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellin spray seemed to be more effective than cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollen.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin in the young fruit period was more effective than at flowering.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- Gibberellin sprayed in young fruit periode0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- flowering periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellin sprayed in young fruit period was more effective than in flowering period”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated gibberellin sprays differed little from a young fruit spray.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- repeated sprays in flowering and young fruit periode0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- little differencee0
- Comparator
- a single spray in young fruit periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was little difference in its effect between repeated sprays in flowering and young fruit period and a single spray in young fruit period”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea was more effective at flowering than during the young fruit period.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- young fruit periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“urea was more effective when sprayed in flowering period than in young fruit period”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin seemed more effective up to 500ppm.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- Gibberelline0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- more effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellin seemed to be more effective at higher concentrations till 500ppm”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
The difference between 500ppm and 1000ppm was not remarkable.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- 500ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- not remarkablee0
- Comparator
- 1000ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the difference between 500ppm and 1000ppm was not remarkable”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
2, 4-D showed no definite effect on fruit set.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- 2, 4-De0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- no definite effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying of some growth regulators-2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T, 2, 4, 5-TP and etc.-showed no definite effects in increasing fruit set when they were applied both in flowering and young fruit period.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
2, 4, 5-T showed no definite effect on fruit set.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- 2, 4, 5-Te0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- no definite effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying of some growth regulators-2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T, 2, 4, 5-TP and etc.-showed no definite effects in increasing fruit set when they were applied both in flowering and young fruit period.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
2, 4, 5-TP showed no definite effect on fruit set.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- 2, 4, 5-TPe0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- no definite effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying of some growth regulators-2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T, 2, 4, 5-TP and etc.-showed no definite effects in increasing fruit set when they were applied both in flowering and young fruit period.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
urea showed no effect on fruit set in trees with many flowers and few leaves.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- much more flowers and less leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On the trees the fruit set of which was very poor because of much more flowers and less leaves, spraying of urea or gibberellin as well as cross-pollination with Natsudaidai showed no effect in increasing fruit set.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
gibberellin showed no effect on fruit set in trees with many flowers and few leaves.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- gibberelline0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- much more flowers and less leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On the trees the fruit set of which was very poor because of much more flowers and less leaves, spraying of urea or gibberellin as well as cross-pollination with Natsudaidai showed no effect in increasing fruit set.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
Claim · model-written summary
cross-pollination with Natsudaidai showed no effect on fruit set in trees with many flowers and few leaves.
- Taxon
- Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensise1
- Treatment
- cross-pollination with Natsudaidaie0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- much more flowers and less leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On the trees the fruit set of which was very poor because of much more flowers and less leaves, spraying of urea or gibberellin as well as cross-pollination with Natsudaidai showed no effect in increasing fruit set.”
e1“The fruit set of Washington Navel orange was increased by the application of gibberellin or urea spray in the flowering or young fruit period.”
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