application · Yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)

Preliminary Results with the use of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy-Acetic Acid as a Spray-Oil Amendment · 1946

• positive
  Adding 0.0037% 2,4-D to the spray oil significantly decreased fruit drop by 30.9% compared with trees sprayed without 2,4-D.

  compared with trees similarly sprayed, but without 2,4-D

• positive
  Adding 0.025% 2,4-D to undiluted spray oil applied to branches of Washington Navel and Valencia orange trees strikingly limited leaf and fruit drop compared with trees sprayed without 2,4-D.

  compared with trees similarly sprayed, but without 2,4-D

Some Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on Fruit-Drop and Morphology of Oranges · 1947

• positive
  Sprays applied to mature Valencia orange trees decreased preharvest fruit-drop by as much as 78%.
• no effect
  2,4-D sprays at full bloom did not increase fruit-set of Valencia orange.

cited by 4 papers here

Responses of Orange and Grapefruit Trees to Maleic Hydrazide · 1952

• positive
  Sprayed Washington Navel orange trees had more fruit per tree than unsprayed trees.

  compared with unsprayed trees

• negative
  Washington Navel orange trees sprayed with MH at bloom or later produced smaller fruit.

cited by 1 paper here

Effects of 2,4-D and related substances on fruit-drop, yield, size, and quality of Valencia oranges · 1952

• positive
  Sprays decreased boxes of fruit size 252 and smaller by 19.8 per 100 trees.
• positive
  Sprays increased packed boxes of fruit size 220 and larger by 28.0 per 100 trees.

cites 1 paper here

Timing oil spray on valencias: Study indicates influence of application timing on effect of pest control oil spray on yield and juice of Valencias · 1956

• positive
  Late-summer oil spray was less likely to reduce Valencia orange yield than other application times.

  compared with any other time of the year

Studies on the control of alternate bearing in citrus. VII · 1962

• positive
  Urea spray increased Washington Navel orange fruit set.
• positive
  Cross pollination combined with urea was more effective than single treatments.

  compared with each of single treatment

• positive
  Gibberellin in the young fruit period was more effective than at flowering.

  compared with flowering period

• positive
  Gibberellin seemed more effective than Natsudaidai cross pollination.

  compared with cross-pollination with Natsudaidai pollen

• no effect
  Repeated gibberellin sprays differed little from a young fruit spray.

  compared with a single spray in young fruit periodNo difference from an alternative treatment

cites 1 paper here

Application of Calcium Sprays for the Protection of Citrus from Atmospheric Fluorides · 1969

• positive
  Under high fluoride air pollution, lime sprays may improve citrus fruit production.
• no effect
  CaCl 2 sprays did not improve citrus fruit production.

Aggregate Effects of Nutrients and Gibberellic Acid on ‘Valencia’ Orange Crop Value1 · 1973

• positive
  GA plus foliar applied potassium increased monetary returns per tree 42%.

Problems Encountered Using Cycloheximide to Produce Abscission of Oranges1 · 1973

• positive
  Cycloheximide sprays loosened early and midseason orange fruit.

The Influence of Potassium Applications and Nematocides on the Potassium Nutrition of ‘Valencia’ Orange Trees on Replant Citrus Soil1 · 1977

• positive
  Soil K 2 SO 4 with Aldicarb significantly increased fruit size of Valencia orange trees.

Control of Tylenchulus semipenetrans on Citrus With Aldicarb, Oxamyl, and DBCP. · 1979

• positive
  Soil-applied aldicarb increased orange yield in 1 of 3 years.

Effect of N and Zn on ^|^lsquo;Hamlin^|^rsquo; sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) · 1981

• positive
  Zinc spray improved fruit weight and diameter of sweet orange.

PRODUCTION OF WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE IN A DESERT CLIMATE. · 1984

• positive
  Foliar potassium nitrate applied for two successive years significantly increased orange yield.

AMMONIA AND/OR ITS METABOLITES INFLUENCE FLOWERING, FRUIT SET, AND YIELD OF THE `WASHINGTON' NAVEL ORANGE · 1993

• positive
  Foliar application of low-biuret urea during early bloom increased ovary putrescine content and fruit set.
• positive
  Winter foliar application of low-biuret urea before or during flower initiation increased yield by about one packing carton (17 kg) per tree in three successive years without reducing fruit size.
• no effect
  Foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment did not increase vegetative shoot production in Washington navel orange.

cited by 2 papers here

Winter Application of Low-biuret Urea to the Foliage of `Washington' Navel Orange Increased Yield · 1994

• positive
  Mid-January foliar urea increased orange fruit number per tree relative to soil-only controls in each of three years, regardless of irrigation treatment.

  compared with control trees

• positive
  Mid-February foliar urea increased orange fruit number per tree relative to soil-only controls in each of three years, regardless of irrigation treatment.

  compared with control trees

• positive
  Mid-February foliar urea increased orange yield relative to soil-only controls in each of three years, regardless of irrigation treatment.

  compared with control trees

• positive
  Mid-January foliar urea increased orange yield relative to soil-only controls in each of three years, regardless of irrigation treatment.

  compared with control trees

cited by 2 papers here

Effect of Urea, Some Micronutrients, and Growth Regulator Foliar Sprays on the Yield, Fruit Quality, and Some Vegetative Characteristics of `Washington' Navel Orange Trees—Yield and Yield Components · 1995

• positive
  Two sprays improved fruit number, weight and yield over one spray.

  compared with spraying once at any of the two dates

Management of foliar fertilization · 1999

• positive
  February foliar urea applications increased navel orange net cumulative yield by 16.4 t/ha over 3 years.
• positive
  January foliar urea applications increased navel orange net cumulative yield by 20.6 t/ha over 3 years.

cited by 1 paper here

RESPONSE OF YOUNG WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES GROWN ON SLIGHTLY ALKALINE CLAYEY SOIL TO FOLIAR APPLICATION OF CHELATED MICRONUTRIENTS · 2000

• positive
  Foliar micronutrients increased yield in Washington Navel orange, especially with Zn and Mn

cites 1 paper here

GA3 AND ZINC SPRAYS FOR IMPROVING YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ‘WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE AND TREE GROWTH UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS · 2007

• positive
  GA sprays at 20 ppm were more effective than 10 ppm for yield measured by fruit number or weight.

  compared with 10 ppm

• positive
  GA sprays at 20 ppm were more effective than 10 ppm for fruit set and fruit retention.

  compared with 10 ppm

EARLY WINTER SPRAY OF LOW BIURET UREA IMPROVES MARKETABLE YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SWEET ORANGES · 2008

• positive
  November LBU spray increased grade-I fruit yield by 75% versus control.

  compared with control

• positive
  November LBU spray increased total yield by 102% versus control.

  compared with control

cites 4 papers here

EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH UREA ON FLOWERING, RUITING AND LEAF NITROGEN CONTENT OF VALENCIA ORANGE TREES. · 2009

• positive
  Winter foliar urea increased number of fruits/tree in Valencia orange trees.
• positive
  Winter foliar urea increased number of flowers/branch in Valencia orange trees.
• positive
  Winter foliar urea increased fruit set/branch in Valencia orange trees.
• positive
  Mid-January 1.5% urea spray gave higher yield than the control.

  compared with the control

• positive
  Mid-January 1.5% urea spray gave higher fruit weight than the control.

  compared with the control

cites 2 papers here

The beneficial effects of yeast and zinc sulphate on yield and fruit quality of Navel orange trees. · 2010

• positive
  Spraying 4.0% yeast extract combined with 1.0% zinc sulphate increased fruit weight, length and volume.
• positive
  Spraying 4.0% yeast extract combined with 1.0% zinc sulphate was more effective in improving total yield and fruit numbers.
• positive
  Single or combined sprays of yeast extract or zinc sulphate were very effective in stimulating Navel orange yield compared with the control.

  compared with control

PROPERLY TIMED FOLIAR FERTILIZATION CAN AND SHOULD RESULT IN A YIELD BENEFIT AND NET INCREASE IN GROWER INCOME · 2010

• positive
  Zinc sulphate at 10% anthesis significantly increased Washington navel orange fruit set through January harvest.

Effect of winter foliar application of urea on some quantitative and qualitative characters of flower and fruit set of orange cv Valencia · 2010

• positive
  Spraying six weeks before full bloom produced greater fruit set.

  compared with urea spray 9 weeks before full bloom

Effect of Putrescine, GA3, 2, 4-D, and Calcium on Extending Harvest Season of Navel Orange · 2010

• positive
  Preharvest sprays decreased creasing and preharvest fruit drop of Washington navel oranges.
• positive
  Preharvest sprays had a positive influence on extending the harvest season of Washington navel oranges without fruit deterioration.

cites 1 paper herecited by 1 paper here

Technical and economic evaluation of different types of control of Brevipalpus phoenicis (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) in citrus leprosies management* · 2011

• positive
  Alternating spirodiclofen and cyhexatin produced higher profits with or without pruning.

Effect of Foliar Application with Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium on Yield, Fruit Quality and Mineral Composition of Washington Navel Orange Trees · 2011

• positive
  Foliar treatments increased fruit growth rates, fruit weight and diameter.

  compared with Control

• positive
  Foliar potassium, calcium and magnesium increased fruit set per branch, fruits per tree and yield.

  compared with Control

cited by 1 paper here

Effect of putrescine, GA3, 2, 4-D, and calcium on delaying peel senescence and extending harvest season of navel orange · 2012

• positive
  All spray treatments decreased orange fruit creasing and drop at both harvest dates.

cited by 2 papers here

EFFECT OF PRE-HARVEST SPRAYING ON YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE FRUITS · 2012

• positive
  Pre-harvest spraying significantly increased fruit weight and yield per tree with increasing concentrations of all treatments.

  compared with control treatment

EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAYING WITH SEAWEEDS CONCENTRATE ON FRUIT SET, YIELD, FRUIT QUALITY AND LEAF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VALENCIA AND WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES · 2015

• positive
  Seaweed spraying significantly increased fruit weight, length diameter ratio and soluble solids with concentration.

Improving Washington Navel Orange Fruits by Some Natural Pre-Harvest Foliar Applications A- Mineral Content, Yield and Fruit Quality · 2015

• positive
  Pre-harvest foliar applications increased the number of fruits and fruit weight per tree compared with control

  compared with control

• positive
  Pre-harvest foliar applications decreased pre-harvest fruit drop
• positive
  Pre-harvest foliar applications increased average fruit weight compared with control

  compared with control

cites 2 papers here

Nutritional Status of Leaf and Fruit Yield of Sweet Orange Influenced by Foliar Application of Potassium · 2016

• positive
  Three potassium sprays gave the highest sweet orange fruit yield, at par with two sprays.

  compared with two sprays in the last week of April and August

Impact of foliar application of potassium and its spray schedule on yield and quality of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) cv. Jaffa · 2016

• positive
  Foliar KNO? at 4% most increased sweet orange yield over the control and other K treatments.

  compared with control and other K treatments

• positive
  K spray in late April, May and August was superior in increasing yield to two sprays in late April and August.

  compared with two sprays in the last week of April and August

cited by 2 papers here

Response of Navel Orange Trees to Potassium Silicate Application · 2016

• positive
  Potassium silicate sprays promoted Navel orange yield relative to the check.

  compared with check treatment

Foliar Spray with Different Agrochemicals on Fruit Quality and Exportability of ‘Washington’ Navel Orange Fruit ( Citrus sinensis L.) · 2017

• positive
  Foliar sprays of GA3, K and Ca improved fruit set and yield of Navel orange compared with the control.

  compared with the control

cites 1 paper here

Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) · 2017

• positive
  Spraying at 30 DAFB decreased the second fruit drop rate by 30.55%.
• positive
  Spraying at 30 DAFB significantly increased citrus yield.

Effect of foliar application of potassium and its spray schedule on yield and yield parameters of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) cv. Jaffa · 2017

• positive
  Three K sprays in late April, May and August were superior or equal to two sprays in late April and August.

  compared with 2 sprays in the last week of April and August

• positive
  KNO3 at 4% outperformed other sources and doses for yield and yield parameters.

  compared with other treatments

• positive
  KNO3 at 4% with two sprays produced the highest yield, 76.90 kg/plant.
• no effect
  Adding a May spray to KNO3 did not significantly change yield from the two spray schedule.

cites 1 paper here

Effect of micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) cv. Mosambi · 2017

• positive
  The full micronutrient treatment had the minimum degree days from fruit set to harvesting (300.81).
• positive
  The full micronutrient treatment recorded the maximum number of fruits per tree (379.33).

Effect of exogenous application of micronutrients on growth and yield of sweet orange CV. Blood Red · 2018

• positive
  ZnSO4 1.00% significantly improved fruit weight in sweet orange.

  compared with Control

• positive
  ZnSO4 1.00% significantly improved number of fruits in sweet orange.

  compared with Control

• positive
  ZnSO4 1.00% significantly improved yield in sweet orange.

  compared with Control

Nutrient management study in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L) cv. mosambi · 2018

• positive
  Foliar micronutrient application gave a higher fruit diameter, 21.8 cm
• positive
  Foliar micronutrient application gave a higher fruit length, 11.8 cm
• positive
  Foliar micronutrient application gave a higher fruit weight, 167 g
• positive
  Foliar micronutrient application gave the maximum yield per tree, 41.03 kg
• positive
  Foliar micronutrient application gave a higher number of fruits per tree, 248

Effect of Mining Diatoms and GA3 foliar applications on Navel orange tree performance. · 2018

• positive
  Diatoms at 1.00 kg per 600 L applied at 25% bloom or twice at 25% and 75% bloom significantly improved fruit set.
• positive
  The same diatom schedules significantly improved fruit number and weight.

Effect of soil and foliar application of zinc on growth and yield parameters of sweet orange var. Nucellar (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) · 2018

• positive
  T10 maximized fruit number and fruit weights, followed by T11 and T12.

  compared with T1 (control)

Impact of growth regulators on fruit drop and yield parameters of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) cv. Jaffa · 2018

• positive
  GA3 30 ppm gave the highest fruit weight, size, and length.

Effect of Micronutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality Parameters of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Mosambi · 2019

• positive
  The foliar micronutrient regimen yielded Number of fruits/tree of 248.
• positive
  The foliar micronutrient regimen yielded Yield per tree of 41.03 kg.
• positive
  The foliar micronutrient regimen yielded Fruit weight of 167 g.
• positive
  The foliar micronutrient regimen yielded Fruit length of 11.8 cm.
• positive
  The foliar micronutrient regimen yielded Fruit set of 79.81%.
• positive
  The foliar micronutrient regimen yielded Fruit diameter of 21.8 cm.

Effect of micronutrients on fruit set, yield and quality of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) cv. Mosambi in the Gangetic alluvial region of West Bengal · 2020

• positive
  Foliar ZnSO4 at 0.6% gave the highest fruit yield (33.93 kg/ha), followed by ZnSO4 at 0.3% and boric acid at 0.4%.

  compared with ZnSO4 @ 0.3% and Boric acid @ 0.4%

cited by 1 paper here

Effect of anti-transpirants on the transpiration rate and photosynthetic index of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) · 2020

• positive
  Antitranspirants controlled sunburn related fruit drop relative to urea and quick lime.

  compared with 1% urea and 2% quick lime

Studies on effect of soil and foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield parameters of sweet orange Var. Nucellar (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) · 2020

• positive
  T13 was most effective for plant height, fruit number and average fruit weight, followed by T14.

  compared with T14 Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 100 gm + MnSO4 @ 100 gm + Foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 1% + MnSO4 @ 1%

• positive
  T13 was most effective for fruit yield, diameter and volume, followed by T14.

  compared with T14 Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 100 gm + MnSO4 @ 100 gm + Foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 1% + MnSO4 @ 1%

Studies on the effect of foliar application of calcium, potassium and silicon on yield of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Sathgudi · 2021

• positive
  foliar application of T4 - potassium silicate 4ml/L increased fruit weight to 244.93 g
• positive
  foliar application of T4 - potassium silicate 4ml/L higher fruit yield per tree to 60.17 kg

cites 1 paper here

Easily Extractable Glomalin-Related Soil Protein as Foliar Spray Improves Nutritional Qualities of Late Ripening Sweet Oranges · 2021

• positive
  Foliar EE-GRSP improved external fruit quality (fruit weight, polar diameter and equatorial diameter) in sweet orange.

Response of Valencia Orange Trees to Foliar Application of Some Antioxidants (Ascorbic and Salicylic Acids), Magnesium and Micronutrients · 2021

• positive
  Three sprays of a mixture of 300 ppm salicylic acid, micronutrients and 1 % magnesium sulphate gave the best yield and fruit quality of Valencia orange trees.

cites 2 papers here

Effect Of Winter Spraying Of Urea On Valencia Orange Treesscript title already exists · 2022

• positive
  Spraying 3.0% urea was more effective for yield than 2.0%.

  compared with spraying it at 2.0%

Efficacy of Trunk Injected Imidacloprid and Oxytetracycline in Managing Huanglongbing and Asian Citrus Psyllid in Infected Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees · 2022

• positive
  Oxytetracycline injection reduced preharvest fruit drop more than threefold.
• positive
  Oxytetracycline injection increased yield.

cited by 1 paper here

EFFECT OF TRYPTOPHAN, SALICYLIC AND ASCORBIC ACIDS ONPRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF NAVEL ORANGE TREES · 2022

• positive
  Salicylic application at 300 ppm increased yield and yield efficiency.
• positive
  Salicylic application at 300 ppm increased fruit set, retention, and fruit number per tree.

Enhancing of Fruit Set %, Yield and Fruit Quality of “Washington” Navel Orange byDifferent Agrochemical Foliar Sprays in Application Times · 2022

• positive
  GA3 at 75 ppm applied twice significantly increased yield per tree or per kilogram.
• positive
  GA3 at 75 ppm applied twice enhanced initial fruit set and final fruit set retention in Washington Navel orange.
• positive
  GA3 at 75 ppm applied twice enhanced fruit weight, juice volume and VC in Washington Navel orange.

RAISING AND IMPROVING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THEWASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES PLANTED IN THE NEWLYRECLAIMED LANDS BY FOLIAR SPRAY WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID · 2022

• positive
  GA3 sprays at 25 ppm were more effective than other treatments and the control for fruit set, retention and yield in Washington navel orange trees.

  compared with other treatments and control

Organic production of sweet orange [Citrus Sinensis (L) osbeck] cv nucellar Mosambi under western Maharashtra conditions · 2022

• positive
  The former fertilizer combination maximized yield per hectare at 15.97 tonnes.

  compared with all other treatments

• positive
  The former fertilizer combination maximized fruit count at 292.12 fruits per tree.

  compared with all other treatments

• positive
  The two combinations produced average fruit weights of 197.80 and 195.30 g, respectively.

Effect of Irrigation levels, Mulching and Kaolin on Yield and Fruit Quality of Washington Navel Orange Trees Grown in Clay Soil · 2023

• positive
  75% ETc irrigation with black polyethylene or rice straw and 3% kaolin gave the best fruit set and least fruit drop.

Micronutrients spray to combat granulation and improve fruit quality of sweet orange [Citrus sinensis(L.) Osbeck] cv. Mosambi under nontraditional citrus growing track · 2023

• positive
  Foliar spray of Zn, Fe, B and Cu gave the maximum yield of 19.92 t/ha in sweet orange.

Varied Macro- and Micronutrient Fertilization Rates Impact Root Growth and Distribution and Fruit Yield of Huanglongbing-affected Valencia Orange Trees · 2023

• positive
  Higher fertilization rates, especially soil application, promoted fruit yield in HLB affected orange trees.

Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield, Soil, and Plant Nutrient Status in Sweet Orange ( Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Phule Mosambi · 2024

• positive
  T11 produced significantly higher sweet orange yield in 2019 and 2020 and was at par with T10.

  compared with T10

Effect of Foliar Application with Potassium Rates and Zinc Sources on Washington Navel Orange Trees · 2024

• positive
  Spraying 2% potassium sulfate with 0.5% sugar alcohol zinc was superior to the control for tree nutritional status, fruit set percentage and yield efficiency.

  compared with control treatment

Efficacy of bactericides against citrus greening disease through trunk injection, root feeding, and foliar spray: Impact on growth and yield of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) var. nucellar · 2024

• positive
  Trunk injected Streptomycin at 250 ppm gave the maximum no. of seeds per fruit (19.35).
• positive
  Trunk injected Streptomycin at 250 ppm gave the maximum average yield of fruits per tree (95.6 kg).

Effect of multi-micronutrients on growth and yield of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) CV. Phule Mosambi · 2025

• positive
  The combined foliar G-IV plus Mo and soil G-V treatment yielded fruit length of 7.87 cm.

Systemic Delivery of Oxytetracycline by Drill-Based and Drill-Free Trunk Injection for Treatment of Huanglongbing in Young Sweet Orange Trees · 2025

• positive
  Higher-dose drill-based OTC injection increased fruit yield more than lower-dose drill-free injection, with cultivar-dependent responses.

  compared with lower doses by drill-free injection

cites 1 paper here

Effect of foliar spraying with fertilizer of nano NPK on vegetative growth and fruit quality of the local Navel Orange cultivar · 2026

• positive
  The 750 mg/L nano-NPK spray gave the highest yield per tree, 54.9 kg, in Navel orange.

  compared with other treatments

• positive
  The 750 mg/L nano-NPK spray gave the highest number of fruits, 269 fruits per tree, in Navel orange.

  compared with other treatments

• positive
  The 750 mg/L nano-NPK spray gave the highest number of leaves per branch in Navel orange.
• positive
  The 750 mg/L nano-NPK spray gave the highest average fruit weight, 206.1 g, in Navel orange.

  compared with other treatments