Paper · 1965 · Hilgardia

Effect of gibberellin sprays on fruit set of Washington Navel orange trees

H. Z. Hield; C. W. Coggins; M. J. Garber

6
claims
14
verbatim quotes
14
citations
4
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Earlier work has shown that gibberellin treatment of individual flowers or small fruits of many citrus varieties gave increased fruit set. The Washington Navel orange was selected for field scale experiments, entire trees being sprayed to determine the effect on fruit set. Phytotoxic responses of twig dieback and leaf drop resulted. Fruit set was not increased by overall gibberellin sprays. Often a significant reduction in yield resulted. Fruit size and quality responses are related to gibberellin concentration and date of application. The difference between response to applications on individual flowers or fruits and response to spraying the entire tree suggests the possible involvement of water relations and also indicates an influence of the gradient flow of gibberellin between the fruit and branch. Certain similar and contrasting responses of citrus to gibberellin sprays and some other plant growth regulators are noted.

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Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Overall gibberellin sprays did not increase fruit set in Washington Navel orange.

Taxon
Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensist0
Treatment
overall gibberellin sprayse1
Outcome
Fruit sete1
Direction
not increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis · TaxonEllen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Washington Navel orange”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–68 · show in text ↑
e1

“Fruit set was not increased by overall gibberellin sprays. Often a significant reduction in yield resulted”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 335–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Overall gibberellin sprays often caused a significant reduction in yield of Washington Navel orange.

Taxon
Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensist0
Treatment
overall gibberellin sprayse1
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
reductione1
Qualifier
Oftene1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis · TaxonEllen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Washington Navel orange”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–68 · show in text ↑
e1

“Fruit set was not increased by overall gibberellin sprays. Often a significant reduction in yield resulted”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 335–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spraying entire trees with gibberellin produced phytotoxic twig dieback and leaf drop in Washington Navel orange.

Taxon
Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensist0
Treatment
entire trees being sprayede0
Outcome
twig dieback and leaf drope2

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis · TaxonEllen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Washington Navel orange”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–68 · show in text ↑
e0

“entire trees being sprayed to determine the effect on fruit set”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 209–272 · show in text ↑
e2

“Phytotoxic responses of twig dieback and leaf drop resulted”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 274–333 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fruit size and quality responses of Washington Navel orange are related to gibberellin concentration and date of application.

Taxon
Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensist0
Treatment
gibberellin concentration and date of applicatione3
Outcome
Fruit size and quality responsese3

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis · TaxonEllen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Washington Navel orange”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–68 · show in text ↑
e3

“Fruit size and quality responses are related to gibberellin concentration and date of application”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–540 · show in text ↑
Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The difference between individual-flower and whole-tree gibberellin responses suggests a possible role of water relations and gradient flow of gibberellin between fruit and branch.

Taxon
Washington Navel orangeCitrus sinensist0
Compound
gibberelline5
Outcome
difference between response to applications on individual flowers or fruits and response to spraying the entire treee4
Qualifier
possible involvement of water relationse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis · TaxonEllen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Washington Navel orange”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–68 · show in text ↑
e4

“The difference between response to applications on individual flowers or fruits and response to spraying the entire tree suggests the possible involvement of water relations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–715 · show in text ↑
e5

“indicates an influence of the gradient flow of gibberellin between the fruit and branch”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 725–812 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Citrus responses to gibberellin sprays were similar and contrasting to those of some other plant growth regulators.

Taxon
citrusCitruse6
Treatment
gibberellin sprayse6
Outcome
responses of citrus to gibberellin sprayse6
Comparator
some other plant growth regulatorse6

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus
Citrus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ellen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Washington Navel orange”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–68 · show in text ↑
e6

“Certain similar and contrasting responses of citrus to gibberellin sprays and some other plant growth regulators are noted”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 814–936 · show in text ↑

class · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 4 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

application · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results

77 papers: 65 positive, 12 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 65 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

73 papers more in this group

See all 77 papers →

application · survival · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.