Abstract
A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange. Artificially raising tree ammonia content by foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment increased leaf ammonia content and both the number of floral shoots and flowers per shoot, but did not increase vegetative shoot production. Apical flowers initiated in response to stress exhibited maximum tissue concentrations of ammonia and putrescine and activity of the de novo arginine biosynthetic pathway one week after the end of the stress treatment. All three criteria decreased in parallel as flowers developed through petal fall. Foliar-applications of low-biuret urea during early bloom increased ovary putrescine content and fruit set. Winter foliar applications of low-biuret urea to commercially-producing, nitrogen-sufficient `Washington' navel orange trees just prior to or during flower initiation increased yield by approximately one packing carton (17 kg) per tree in three successive years without a reduction in fruit size. Winter application of low-biuret urea was cost effective.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment increased leaf ammonia content in Washington navel orange.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensise0 - Material
- Washington navel orangee0
- Treatment
- foliar application of low-biuret ureae1
- Outcome
- leaf ammonia contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- during or at the end of a minimal stress treatmente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e1“Artificially raising tree ammonia content by foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment increased leaf ammonia content and both the number of floral shoots and flowers per shoot, but did not increase vegetative shoot production”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment increased the number of floral shoots and flowers per shoot in Washington navel orange.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Material
- Washington navel orangee0
- Treatment
- foliar application of low-biuret ureae1
- Outcome
- number of floral shoots and flowers per shoote1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- during or at the end of a minimal stress treatmente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e1“Artificially raising tree ammonia content by foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment increased leaf ammonia content and both the number of floral shoots and flowers per shoot, but did not increase vegetative shoot production”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment did not increase vegetative shoot production in Washington navel orange.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Material
- Washington navel orangee0
- Treatment
- foliar application of low-biuret ureae1
- Outcome
- vegetative shoot productione1
- Direction
- did not increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e1“Artificially raising tree ammonia content by foliar application of low-biuret urea during or at the end of a minimal stress treatment increased leaf ammonia content and both the number of floral shoots and flowers per shoot, but did not increase vegetative shoot production”
Claim · model-written summary
Apical flowers initiated under stress showed maximum tissue concentrations of ammonia and putrescine and arginine pathway activity one week after the end of the stress treatment.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Organ / stage
- Apical flowerse2
- Outcome
- tissue concentrations of ammonia and putrescine and activity of the de novo arginine biosynthetic pathwaye2
- Qualifier
- one week after the end of the stress treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e2“Apical flowers initiated in response to stress exhibited maximum tissue concentrations of ammonia and putrescine and activity of the de novo arginine biosynthetic pathway one week after the end of the stress treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonia, putrescine and arginine pathway activity all decreased in parallel as flowers developed through petal fall.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Organ / stage
- flowerse3
- Outcome
- All three criteriae3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Qualifier
- in parallele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e3“All three criteria decreased in parallel as flowers developed through petal fall”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter foliar application of low-biuret urea before or during flower initiation increased yield by about one packing carton (17 kg) per tree in three successive years without reducing fruit size.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Material
- Washington navel orangee0
- Treatment
- Winter foliar applications of low-biuret ureae6
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- approximately one packing carton (17 kg)e5
- Qualifier
- in three successive years without a reduction in fruit sizee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e5“increased yield by approximately one packing carton (17 kg) per tree in three successive years without a reduction in fruit size”
e6“Winter foliar applications of low-biuret urea to commercially-producing, nitrogen-sufficient”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter application of low-biuret urea was cost effective for Washington navel orange.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Treatment
- Winter application of low-biuret ureae7
- Outcome
- cost effectivee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e7“Winter application of low-biuret urea was cost effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of low-biuret urea during early bloom increased ovary putrescine content and fruit set.
- Taxon
- Citrus sinensisCitrus sinensise0
- Treatment
- Foliar-applications of low-biuret urea during early bloome4
- Outcome
- ovary putrescine content and fruit sete4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cause and effect relationship between tree ammonia status and floral intensity was established for Citrus sinensis L. cv. Washington navel orange”
e4“Foliar-applications of low-biuret urea during early bloom increased ovary putrescine content and fruit set”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
- positive
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64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 77 papers →nitrogen · phenology · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.