Paper · 1995 · HortScience

Effect of Urea, Some Micronutrients, and Growth Regulator Foliar Sprays on the Yield, Fruit Quality, and Some Vegetative Characteristics of `Washington' Navel Orange Trees—Yield and Yield Components

Ahmed M. Akl; Abdel-Fattah M. Eid; Mohamed Y. Hegab

9
claims
15
verbatim quotes
2
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

This investigation studied the effects of foliar sprays of urea (0.5%), a mixture of Zn (0.4%), Mn (0.3%), Fe (0.5%), and Cu (0.3%) in sulfates from 23% Zn, 28% Mn, 19% Fe, and 30% Cu, respectively, and two growth regulators (GA 3 at 25 ppm and α-NAA at 10 ppm), as well as number and date of sprays, on the number of fruit/tree, average fruit weight, and yield/tree in kilograms. Spraying `Washington' navel orange trees with urea and/or micronutrients significantly increased the number of fruit/tree, average fruit weight, and yield/tree expressed in kilograms. However, the treatment including both of them was the most effective in 1991–92 and 1992–93. Application of GA 3 and NAA effectively increased the value of the three traits compared with the control; however, spraying the trees with NAA was responsible for higher fruit numbers, while GA 3 was more effective in increasing fruit weight. Two sprays of urea, micronutrients, and NAA (or GA 3 ), the first applied 3 weeks before flowering and the second 4 weeks after fruit set, were more effective than spraying once at any of the two dates in producing high numbers of fruit/tree, average fruit weight and yield per tree by weight.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea or micronutrients increased fruit number.

Taxon
`Washington' navel orange treese0
Treatment
urea and/or micronutrientse0
Outcome
number of fruit/treee0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spraying `Washington' navel orange trees with urea and/or micronutrients significantly increased the number of fruit/tree”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 381–502 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea or micronutrients increased fruit weight.

Taxon
`Washington' navel orange treese0
Treatment
urea and/or micronutrientse0
Outcome
average fruit weighte0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spraying `Washington' navel orange trees with urea and/or micronutrients significantly increased the number of fruit/tree, average fruit weight”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 381–524 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea or micronutrients increased yield per tree.

Taxon
`Washington' navel orange treese0
Treatment
urea and/or micronutrientse0
Outcome
yield/tree expressed in kilogramse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spraying `Washington' navel orange trees with urea and/or micronutrients significantly increased the number of fruit/tree, average fruit weight, and yield/tree expressed in kilograms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 381–563 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The combined nutrient treatment was most effective in both seasons.

Taxon
Orange Treest0
Outcome
most effectivee0
Direction
most effectivee0

Verbatim

e0

“the treatment including both of them was the most effective in 1991–92 and 1992–93”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 574–656 · show in text ↑
t0

“Orange Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–171 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 increased the three yield traits compared with control.

Taxon
Orange Treest0
Treatment
GA 3e0
Outcome
three traitse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Verbatim

e0

“Application of GA 3 and NAA effectively increased the value of the three traits compared with the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 658–763 · show in text ↑
t0

“Orange Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–171 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA increased the three yield traits compared with control.

Taxon
Orange Treest0
Treatment
NAAe0
Outcome
three traitse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Verbatim

e0

“Application of GA 3 and NAA effectively increased the value of the three traits compared with the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 658–763 · show in text ↑
t0

“Orange Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–171 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA produced higher fruit numbers.

Taxon
Orange Treest0
Treatment
NAAe0
Outcome
fruit numberse0
Direction
highere0

Verbatim

e0

“spraying the trees with NAA was responsible for higher fruit numbers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 774–842 · show in text ↑
t0

“Orange Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–171 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 increased fruit weight more effectively.

Taxon
Orange Treest0
Treatment
GA 3e0
Outcome
fruit weighte0
Direction
increasinge0

Verbatim

e0

“GA 3 was more effective in increasing fruit weight”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–900 · show in text ↑
t0

“Orange Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–171 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Two sprays improved fruit number, weight and yield over one spray.

Taxon
Orange Treest0
Treatment
Two sprays of urea, micronutrients, and NAA (or GA 3 )e0
Outcome
numbers of fruit/tree, average fruit weight and yield per tree by weighte0
Direction
more effectivee0
Comparator
spraying once at any of the two datese0

Verbatim

e0

“Two sprays of urea, micronutrients, and NAA (or GA 3 ), the first applied 3 weeks before flowering and the second 4 weeks after fruit set, were more effective than spraying once at any of the two dates in producing high numbers of fruit/tree, average fruit weight and yield per tree by weight”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 902–1194 · show in text ↑
t0

“Orange Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–171 · show in text ↑

Gibberellic acid · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results differ

25 papers: 23 positive, 2 negative or no effect

22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

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1-naphthaleneacetic acid · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree

10 papers: 10 positive, 0 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

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nitrogen · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results differ

48 papers: 39 positive, 9 negative or no effect

38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

44 papers more in this group

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micronutrient · molecular: expression · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
See all 2 papers →

micronutrient · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 8 positive, 1 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

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application · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results

77 papers: 65 positive, 12 negative or no effect

64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

73 papers more in this group

See all 77 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.