Abstract
Abstract Synthetic aryl esters of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA) greatly enhanced adventitious root primordium initiation in bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Top Crop) and jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) cuttings, respectively. Bean cuttings produced 95 to 154% more macroscopically visible root primordia in 2 days when treated with phenyl indole‐3‐acetate (P‐IAA), in comparison with an equal concentration of IAA. Substantial but lesser increases occurred when treatment was done with 3‐hydroxyphenyl indole‐3‐acetate (3HP‐IAA). On a molar basis, either P‐IAA or 3HP‐IAA were 10 or more times as efficient as IAA in inducing adventitious root primordium initiation in bean cuttings. Methyl indole‐3‐acetate was no more effective than IAA in these tests. Phenyl indole‐3‐butyrate (P‐IBA) consistently enhanced the number of rooted jack pine seedling cuttings by 11 to 12% in comparison with a 27% higher concentration of IBA. The number of elongated roots (2 mm or more) after 5 days was 165 to 276% greater for P‐IAA than for IAA‐treated bean cuttings. Similar but lesser increases occurred as a result of 3HP‐IAA treatment. P‐IBA in comparison with IBA treatment did not influence either the number of roots or length of the longest root per rooted jack pine cutting. Enzymes in bean and jack pine cuttings hydrolyzed the aryl esters. However, check experiments showed that initial integrity of the esters was required for enhanced activity in inducing root primordium initiation. Treatment of bean cuttings with hydrolysates of P‐IAA, or with IAA and phenol, alone or combined, did not influence root primordium initiation or development in a manner different from treatment with IAA alone.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
P-IAA produced 95 to 154% more visible bean root primordia than IAA after two days.
Verbatim
e0“Bean cuttings produced 95 to 154% more macroscopically visible root primordia in 2 days when treated with phenyl indole‐3‐acetate (P‐IAA), in comparison with an equal concentration of IAA.”
Claim · model-written summary
3HP-IAA gave smaller increases in bean root primordia.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- 3‐hydroxyphenyl indole‐3‐acetate (3HP‐IAA)e0
- Outcome
- increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Substantial but lesser increases occurred when treatment was done with 3‐hydroxyphenyl indole‐3‐acetate (3HP‐IAA).”
t0“in bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Top Crop)”
Claim · model-written summary
P-IAA was at least ten times as efficient as IAA for bean root initiation.
Verbatim
e0“On a molar basis, either P‐IAA or 3HP‐IAA were 10 or more times as efficient as IAA in inducing adventitious root primordium initiation in bean cuttings.”
Claim · model-written summary
3HP-IAA was at least ten times as efficient as IAA for bean root initiation.
Verbatim
e0“On a molar basis, either P‐IAA or 3HP‐IAA were 10 or more times as efficient as IAA in inducing adventitious root primordium initiation in bean cuttings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl indole-3-acetate was no more effective than IAA in bean tests.
Verbatim
e0“Methyl indole‐3‐acetate was no more effective than IAA in these tests.”
t0“in bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Top Crop)”
Claim · model-written summary
P-IBA increased rooted jack pine cuttings by 11 to 12% over a higher IBA concentration.
- Taxon
- jack pine
Pinus banksianae0 - Treatment
- Phenyl indole‐3‐butyrate (P‐IBA)e0
- Outcome
- number of rooted jack pine seedling cuttingse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 11 to 12%e0
- Qualifier
- 27% higher concentratione0
- Comparator
- IBAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenyl indole‐3‐butyrate (P‐IBA) consistently enhanced the number of rooted jack pine seedling cuttings by 11 to 12% in comparison with a 27% higher concentration of IBA.”
Claim · model-written summary
P-IAA increased elongated bean roots by 165 to 276% after five days.
Verbatim
e0“The number of elongated roots (2 mm or more) after 5 days was 165 to 276% greater for P‐IAA than for IAA‐treated bean cuttings.”
Claim · model-written summary
3HP-IAA caused smaller increases in elongated bean roots.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar but lesser increases occurred as a result of 3HP‐IAA treatment.”
t0“in bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Top Crop)”
Claim · model-written summary
P-IBA did not alter root number or longest root length per rooted jack pine cutting.
- Taxon
- jack pinePinus banksianae0
- Treatment
- P‐IBAe0
- Outcome
- number of roots or length of the longest roote0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
- Comparator
- IBA treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐IBA in comparison with IBA treatment did not influence either the number of roots or length of the longest root per rooted jack pine cutting.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean and jack pine cutting enzymes hydrolyzed aryl esters.
Verbatim
e0“Enzymes in bean and jack pine cuttings hydrolyzed the aryl esters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial ester integrity was needed for enhanced root primordium initiation.
Verbatim
e0“check experiments showed that initial integrity of the esters was required for enhanced activity in inducing root primordium initiation.”
t0“in bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Top Crop)”
Claim · model-written summary
P-IAA hydrolysates did not differ from IAA alone for bean root primordia.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of bean cuttings with hydrolysates of P‐IAA, or with IAA and phenol, alone or combined, did not influence root primordium initiation or development in a manner different from treatment with IAA alone.”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA and phenol did not differ from IAA alone for bean root primordia.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of bean cuttings with hydrolysates of P‐IAA, or with IAA and phenol, alone or combined, did not influence root primordium initiation or development in a manner different from treatment with IAA alone.”
The same questions in other papers
indole-3-acetic acid · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →indole-3-butyrate · growth · Pinus banksiana (jack pine)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.