Abstract
Abstract Seedlings of ‘Topa Topa’ avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) were grown in steamed loamy sand soil with no fertilizer, complete fertilizer (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Mo, B), −P, −Zn, −P and −Zn, and −Zn+10 × P(640 ppm P). Seedlings were inoculated separately with one of 2 isolates of Glomus fasciculatus (Thaxter) Gerd. & Trappe (GF) or were inoculated with a water filtrate of the mycorrhizal inoculum plus autoclaved mycorrhizal inoculum. Growth of mycorrhizal seedlings was 49-254% larger than nonmycorrhizal avocados except at the −Zn+10×P regime where mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal avocados were of similar size. Both mycorrhizal isolates increased absorption of N, P, and Cu at all fertilizer treatments and absorption of Zn was increased with all fertilizer treatments by one mycorrhizal isolate. Fertilization with P did not alter P concentrations in leaves of nonmycorrhizal plants but increased P concentrations in leaves of mycorrhizal seedlings. Fertilization with 10×P increased P concentrations in both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal seedlings. One GF isolate appeared to be superior to the other based on mineral nutrition of the host avocados. Differences between the isolates apparently were related to their rate of growth or ability to infect. Poor growth of avocado seedlings in steamed or fumigated soil can be related to poor mineral nutrition due to the destruction of mycorrhizal fungi.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal seedlings grew 49-254% larger than nonmycorrhizal avocados except under high P and low Zn.
- Taxon
- avocados
Persea americanae0 - Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- Growthe0
- Direction
- largere0
- Value
- 49-254%e0
- Qualifier
- except at the −Zn+10×P regimee0
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal avocadose0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi”
e0“Growth of mycorrhizal seedlings was 49-254% larger than nonmycorrhizal avocados except at the −Zn+10×P regime where mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal avocados were of similar size.”
Claim · model-written summary
At the −Zn+10×P regime, mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal avocados had similar size.
- Taxon
- avocadosPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- sizee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal avocadose0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi”
e0“at the −Zn+10×P regime where mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal avocados were of similar size”
Claim · model-written summary
Both mycorrhizal isolates increased N, P and Cu absorption at all fertilizer treatments.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal isolatese0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- absorption of N, P, and Cue0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“Both mycorrhizal isolates increased absorption of N, P, and Cu at all fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
One mycorrhizal isolate increased Zn absorption with every fertilizer treatment.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- one mycorrhizal isolatee0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- absorption of Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“absorption of Zn was increased with all fertilizer treatments by one mycorrhizal isolate”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization did not change leaf P concentration in nonmycorrhizal plants.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- Fertilization with Pe0
- Outcome
- P concentrations in leavese0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“Fertilization with P did not alter P concentrations in leaves of nonmycorrhizal plants”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization increased leaf P concentration in mycorrhizal seedlings.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- Fertilization with Pe0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- P concentrations in leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“Fertilization with P did not alter P concentrations in leaves of nonmycorrhizal plants but increased P concentrations in leaves of mycorrhizal seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tenfold P fertilization increased P concentration in mycorrhizal seedlings.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- Fertilization with 10×Pe0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- P concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“Fertilization with 10×P increased P concentrations in both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tenfold P fertilization increased P concentration in nonmycorrhizal seedlings.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- Fertilization with 10×Pe0
- Outcome
- P concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“Fertilization with 10×P increased P concentrations in both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
One Glomus fasciculatus isolate appeared superior for host mineral nutrition.
- Taxon
- avocadosPersea americanae0
- Interactor
- GFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- mineral nutritione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- the othere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“One GF isolate appeared to be superior to the other based on mineral nutrition of the host avocados.”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences between fungal isolates appeared related to growth or infection ability.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizal Fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- Differences between the isolatese0
- Qualifier
- rate of growth or ability to infecte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mycorrhizal Fungi upon Growth and Nutrition of Avocado”
e0“Differences between the isolates apparently were related to their rate of growth or ability to infect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Poor avocado growth in steamed or fumigated soil was attributed to loss of mycorrhizal fungi and poor mineral nutrition.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Treatment
- steamed or fumigated soile0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- Poor growthe0
- Qualifier
- poor mineral nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Poor growth of avocado seedlings in steamed or fumigated soil can be related to poor mineral nutrition due to the destruction of mycorrhizal fungi.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: content · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →mycorrhiza · nutrient: content · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
mycorrhiza · growth · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.