Abstract
Field studies were conducted over 3 yr at two locations to evaluate the effects of glyphosate rate and application timing on barnyardgrass control, seed production, seed viability, and seedbank density the year after herbicide application in glyphosate-resistant corn. Glyphosate was applied at 0, 112, 225, 450, 675, or 900 g ai/ha when barnyardgrass was at the two-, four-, or six-leaf stage of growth. Visual estimates of percent control increased whereas density, dry weight, seed production, and seedbank density the year after treatment decreased as the rate of glyphosate was increased from 0 to 450 g/ha. Increasing the rate of glyphosate from 450 to 900 g/ha (registered rate) had no further effect on any measured parameter. Seed viability was not affected by glyphosate rate nor application timing. Corn yield declined only at a glyphosate rate of 225 g/ha and below. Barnyardgrass control improved as application was delayed to the six-leaf stage because this weed had an extended period of emergence. There was no interaction between glyphosate rate and application timing on any parameter, and yield was not affected by glyphosate-application timing. The use of extremely low glyphosate rates (112 or 225 g/ha) resulted in reduced corn yields, increased barnyardgrass seed production, and seedbank density the year after application.Nomenclature: Glyphosate; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. #3 ECHCG; corn, Zea mays L. ‘PrideG4286’, ‘DeKalb 493RR’.Additional index words: Reduced rates, weed control, weed seed production, weed seedbank density.Abbreviations: DAA, days after application.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass visual control increased with glyphosate rate from 0 to 450 g/ha.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- Barnyardgrass
Echinochloa crus-gallit0weed - Outcome
- percent controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 0 to 450 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual estimates of percent control increased whereas density, dry weight, seed production, and seedbank density the year after treatment decreased as the rate of glyphosate was increased from 0 to 450 g/ha.”
t0“Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass density declined with glyphosate rate from 0 to 450 g/ha.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 0 to 450 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual estimates of percent control increased whereas density, dry weight, seed production, and seedbank density the year after treatment decreased as the rate of glyphosate was increased from 0 to 450 g/ha.”
t0“Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass dry weight declined with glyphosate rate from 0 to 450 g/ha.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 0 to 450 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual estimates of percent control increased whereas density, dry weight, seed production, and seedbank density the year after treatment decreased as the rate of glyphosate was increased from 0 to 450 g/ha.”
t0“Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass seed production declined with glyphosate rate from 0 to 450 g/ha.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- seed productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 0 to 450 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual estimates of percent control increased whereas density, dry weight, seed production, and seedbank density the year after treatment decreased as the rate of glyphosate was increased from 0 to 450 g/ha.”
t0“Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass seedbank density declined with glyphosate rate from 0 to 450 g/ha.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- seedbank densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 0 to 450 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual estimates of percent control increased whereas density, dry weight, seed production, and seedbank density the year after treatment decreased as the rate of glyphosate was increased from 0 to 450 g/ha.”
t0“Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing glyphosate rate from 450 to 900 g/ha had no further effect on measured parameters.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- any measured parametere0
- Direction
- no further effecte0
- Comparator
- 450 to 900 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the rate of glyphosate from 450 to 900 g/ha (registered rate) had no further effect on any measured parameter.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass seed viability was unaffected by glyphosate rate or application timing.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosate rate nor application timinge0
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- Seed viabilitye0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed viability was not affected by glyphosate rate nor application timing.”
t0“Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield declined only at glyphosate rates of 225 g/ha or less.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- glyphosate rate of 225 g/ha and belowe0
- Outcome
- Corn yielde0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn yield declined only at a glyphosate rate of 225 g/ha and below.”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass control improved when application was delayed to the six-leaf stage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- application was delayed to the six-leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weed
- Outcome
- Barnyardgrass controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barnyardgrass control improved as application was delayed to the six-leaf stage because this weed had an extended period of emergence.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate rate and application timing had no interaction on measured parameters.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosate rate and application timinge0
- Outcome
- any parametere0
- Direction
- no interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no interaction between glyphosate rate and application timing on any parameter”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield was unaffected by glyphosate application timing.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- glyphosate-application timinge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield was not affected by glyphosate-application timing.”
t0“Corn”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →glyphosate · Echinochloa crus-galli · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.