Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops in the world and its agronomic traits could be improved by genetic transformation with desirable genes. A successful transformation must depend on a high-efficiency in vitro plant regeneration and genetic transformation system. In our studies, six media compositions were used to induce callus from the immature zygotic embryos of seven maize inbred lines and LM6 was proved the best callus induction media, with high callus induction percentage (CIP) and callus quality. Furthermore, four phytohormones were analyzed on their effects on callus induction, the results indicated that 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) played an important role in callus initiation, but, 3.3 mg/l Dicamba could provide higher embryogenic callus induction percentage (EIP) than 2 mg/l 2,4-D; both 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) and kinetin (KT) could decrease CIP, EIP and callus quality at the concentration level of 0.2 mg/l. The experimental result also revealed that media LM6-CI was preferable to LM6 in callus induction. The selected LM6-CI media, together with other two media (LM6-EI and LM6-PR), were used to identify 18 elite maize inbred lines from three heterotic groups on their tissue culture characteristics, as a result, the eight materials, including 3189/4380, 4380/Sanzong5, 8103, Xianzao17, 18-599(red), 501, 178 and Ji53 belonging to group Reid or Compound Germplasm, presented higher CIP, EIP and plant regeneration percentage (PRP) than others; the four materials, including Huangzao4, Huangye4, Jing24 and Ji853 from Tangsipingtou group, were not easy to be differentiated into plants, in spite of high CIP. Maize inbred line 18-599(red) as a representative was further used to establish genetic transformation system, its embryogenic calli, initiated from immature zygotic embryos, were transformed with the plasmid p35SBarNos harboring Bar gene by microprojectile bombardment, after selection and differentiation culture, partial bombarded calli were regenerated into green plantlets and further fertile plants. The results of molecular identification for fertile regenerated plants showed that Bar gene had been integrated into maize genome and the transformation frequency was high up to 66.7%. All these results were beneficial for the studies on in vitro plant regeneration and genetic transformation in plant.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
LM6 was the best callus induction medium among six media compositions, with high CIP and callus quality.
- Material
- seven maize inbred linese1
- Organ / stage
- immature zygotic embryose1
- Treatment
- LM6e1
- Outcome
- callus induction percentage (CIP)e1
- Direction
- highe1
- Comparator
- six media compositionse1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“six media compositions were used to induce callus from the immature zygotic embryos of seven maize inbred lines and LM6 was proved the best callus induction media, with high callus induction percentage (CIP) and callus quality”
Claim · model-written summary
3.3 mg/l Dicamba gave higher embryogenic callus induction percentage than 2 mg/l 2,4-D.
- Treatment
- 3.3 mg/l Dicambae2
- Outcome
- embryogenic callus induction percentage (EIP)e2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- 2 mg/l 2,4-De2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e2“but, 3.3 mg/l Dicamba could provide higher embryogenic callus induction percentage (EIP) than 2 mg/l 2,4-D”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D played an important role in callus initiation.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e3“the results indicated that 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) played an important role in callus initiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Both 6-BA and kinetin at 0.2 mg/l decreased CIP, EIP and callus quality.
- Treatment
- 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) and kinetin (KT)e4
- Outcome
- CIP, EIP and callus qualitye4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e4“both 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) and kinetin (KT) could decrease CIP, EIP and callus quality at the concentration level of 0.2 mg/l”
Claim · model-written summary
LM6-CI was preferable to LM6 for callus induction.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e5“The experimental result also revealed that media LM6-CI was preferable to LM6 in callus induction”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight inbred lines from the Reid or Compound Germplasm group gave higher CIP, EIP and plant regeneration percentage than others.
- Material
- 3189/4380, 4380/Sanzong5, 8103, Xianzao17, 18-599(red), 501, 178 and Ji53e6
- Outcome
- CIP, EIP and plant regeneration percentage (PRP)e6
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- group Reid or Compound Germplasme6
- Comparator
- otherse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e6“the eight materials, including 3189/4380, 4380/Sanzong5, 8103, Xianzao17, 18-599(red), 501, 178 and Ji53 belonging to group Reid or Compound Germplasm, presented higher CIP, EIP and plant regeneration percentage (PRP) than others”
Claim · model-written summary
Four materials from the Tangsipingtou group were not easily differentiated into plants despite high CIP.
- Material
- Huangzao4, Huangye4, Jing24 and Ji853e7
- Outcome
- differentiated into plantse7
- Qualifier
- in spite of high CIPe7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e7“the four materials, including Huangzao4, Huangye4, Jing24 and Ji853 from Tangsipingtou group, were not easy to be differentiated into plants, in spite of high CIP”
Claim · model-written summary
Transformation frequency of maize inbred line 18-599(red) was up to 66.7% after microprojectile bombardment with a Bar-gene plasmid.
- Material
- 18-599(red)e1
- Treatment
- microprojectile bombardmente3
- Gene
- Bar genee3
- Outcome
- transformation frequencye2
- Direction
- highe2
- Value
- 66.7%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Maize inbred line 18-599(red) as a representative was further used to establish genetic transformation system”
e2“the transformation frequency was high up to 66.7%”
e3“transformed with the plasmid p35SBarNos harboring Bar gene by microprojectile bombardment”
Claim · model-written summary
Bar gene was integrated into the maize genome in fertile regenerated plants.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e2“The results of molecular identification for fertile regenerated plants showed that Bar gene had been integrated into maize genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Partially bombarded calli were regenerated into green plantlets and fertile plants.
- Organ / stage
- partial bombarded callie2
- Outcome
- regenerated into green plantlets and further fertile plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e2“partial bombarded calli were regenerated into green plantlets and further fertile plants”
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See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.