Abstract
Short episodes of high temperature (HT) stress during reproductive stages of crop development cause significant yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat plants of cultivar Chinese Spring were grown at various temperature regimes at several stages of reproductive development for different durations. The objectives of this research were to (i) identify the stage(s) most sensitive to HT stress during reproductive development, and (ii) determine threshold temperature and duration of HT stress that decrease floret fertility and individual grain weight. Two periods (first at 8-6 days before anthesis and second at 2-0 days before anthesis) during reproductive development were most sensitive to short episodes (2 or 5 days) of HT stress, causing maximum decreases in floret fertility. Short episodes (5 days) of mean daily temperatures >24°C imposed at start of heading quadratically decreased floret fertility, with the values reaching close to 0% around mean daily temperature of 35°C; and floret fertility and individual grain weight decreased linearly with increasing duration (in the range from 2 to 30 days) of HT stress when imposed at start of heading or start of grain filling respectively. HT stress caused morphological abnormalities in pollen, stigma and style. The combination of lower floret fertility (leading to decreased grain numbers) and decreased individual grain weights can cause significant decreases in grain yield. Further research to search for genetic variability for these traits and use them in breeding programs to develop tolerant genotypes that can provide yield stability under current and future climates is warranted.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Two periods, 8-6 and 2-0 days before anthesis, were most sensitive to short high temperature episodes, causing maximum decreases in wheat floret fertility.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume6 - Organ / stage
- first at 8-6 days before anthesis and second at 2-0 days before anthesise0
- Treatment
- short episodes (2 or 5 days) of HT stresse0
- Outcome
- floret fertilitye0
- Direction
- maximum decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“Two periods (first at 8-6 days before anthesis and second at 2-0 days before anthesis) during reproductive development were most sensitive to short episodes (2 or 5 days) of HT stress, causing maximum decreases in floret fertility”
Claim · model-written summary
Five-day episodes with mean daily temperature above 24°C, imposed at start of heading, quadratically decreased floret fertility, approaching 0% around 35°C.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Organ / stage
- start of headinge1
- Treatment
- Short episodes (5 days) of mean daily temperatures >24°Ce1
- Outcome
- floret fertilitye1
- Direction
- quadratically decreasede1
- Value
- close to 0%e1
- Qualifier
- around mean daily temperature of 35°Ce1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“Short episodes (5 days) of mean daily temperatures >24°C imposed at start of heading quadratically decreased floret fertility, with the values reaching close to 0% around mean daily temperature of 35°C”
Claim · model-written summary
Floret fertility decreased linearly as the duration of high temperature stress (2 to 30 days) increased, when imposed at start of heading.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Organ / stage
- start of headinge2
- Treatment
- duration (in the range from 2 to 30 days) of HT stresse2
- Outcome
- floret fertilitye2
- Direction
- decreased linearlye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“floret fertility and individual grain weight decreased linearly with increasing duration (in the range from 2 to 30 days) of HT stress when imposed at start of heading or start of grain filling respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual grain weight decreased linearly as the duration of high temperature stress (2 to 30 days) increased, when imposed at start of grain filling.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Organ / stage
- start of grain fillinge2
- Treatment
- duration (in the range from 2 to 30 days) of HT stresse2
- Outcome
- individual grain weighte2
- Direction
- decreased linearlye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“floret fertility and individual grain weight decreased linearly with increasing duration (in the range from 2 to 30 days) of HT stress when imposed at start of heading or start of grain filling respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature stress caused morphological abnormalities in wheat pollen, stigma and style.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Treatment
- HT stresse3
- Outcome
- morphological abnormalities in pollen, stigma and stylee3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“HT stress caused morphological abnormalities in pollen, stigma and style”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower floret fertility combined with decreased individual grain weight can cause significant decreases in wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- decreasese4
- Qualifier
- lower floret fertility (leading to decreased grain numbers) and decreased individual grain weightse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e4“The combination of lower floret fertility (leading to decreased grain numbers) and decreased individual grain weights can cause significant decreases in grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Further research on genetic variability for floret fertility and grain weight traits is warranted to develop tolerant wheat genotypes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Outcome
- search for genetic variability for these traitse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e5“Further research to search for genetic variability for these traits”
The same questions in other papers
heat · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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