Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) initiate a series of events that culminate in programmed cell death, whereas abscisic acid (ABA) prevents this process. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key elements in aleurone programmed cell death. Incubation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) aleurone layers in H2O2 causes rapid death of all cells in GA- but not ABA-treated layers. Sensitivity to H2O2 in GA-treated aleurone cells results from a decreased ability to metabolize ROS. The amounts and activities of ROS scavenging enzymes, including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase are strongly down-regulated in aleurone layers treated with GA. CAT activity, protein, and Cat2 mRNA decline rapidly following exposure of aleurone layers to GA. In ABA-treated layers, on the other hand, the amount and activity of CAT and Cat2 mRNA increases. Incubation in ABA maintains high amounts of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, whereas GA brings about a rapid reduction in the amounts of these enzymes. These data imply that GA-treated cells loose their ability to scavenge ROS and that this loss ultimately results in oxidative damage and cell death. ABA-treated cells, on the other hand, maintain their ability to scavenge ROS and remain viable.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 rapidly killed all GA-treated barley aleurone cells but not ABA-treated cells.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Organ / stage
- aleurone layerse0
- Treatment
- H2O2e0
- Outcome
- rapid death of all cellse0
- Qualifier
- GA-e0
- Comparator
- ABA-treated layerse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Incubation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) aleurone layers in H2O2 causes rapid death of all cells in GA- but not ABA-treated layers.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA-treated aleurone sensitivity to H2O2 results from decreased ROS metabolism.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- Sensitivity to H2O2e0
- Qualifier
- decreased ability to metabolize ROSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“Sensitivity to H2O2 in GA-treated aleurone cells results from a decreased ability to metabolize ROS.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA strongly down-regulated amounts and activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- aleurone layerse0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Gene
- catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutasee0
- Outcome
- amounts and activities of ROS scavenging enzymese0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“The amounts and activities of ROS scavenging enzymes, including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase are strongly down-regulated in aleurone layers treated with GA.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA rapidly reduced CAT activity, protein and Cat2 mRNA.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- aleurone layerse0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- CAT activity, protein, and Cat2 mRNAe0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“CAT activity, protein, and Cat2 mRNA decline rapidly following exposure of aleurone layers to GA.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA increased CAT amount and activity and Cat2 mRNA.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- amount and activity of CAT and Cat2 mRNAe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“In ABA-treated layers, on the other hand, the amount and activity of CAT and Cat2 mRNA increases.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA maintained high ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase amounts.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- amounts of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutasee0
- Direction
- maintains highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“Incubation in ABA maintains high amounts of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, whereas GA brings about a rapid reduction in the amounts of these enzymes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of ROS scavenging in GA-treated cells ultimately causes oxidative damage and death.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- oxidative damage and cell deathe0
- Qualifier
- loose their ability to scavenge ROSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“These data imply that GA-treated cells loose their ability to scavenge ROS and that this loss ultimately results in oxidative damage and cell death.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA-treated cells maintained ROS scavenging and remained viable.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- maintain their ability to scavenge ROS and remain viablee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“ABA-treated cells, on the other hand, maintain their ability to scavenge ROS and remain viable.”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
(+)-abscisic acid · physiology: oxidative · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.