Abstract
Addition of salicylic acid (SA) to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) suspension culture immediately induced a rapid and transient generation of superoxide anion (O−2), followed by a transient increase in cytosolic free calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]c). The level of SA-induced O−2 was lowered by treatment with several scavengers of active oxygen species and a peroxidase inhibitor, but not with an NADPH oxidase inhibitor. The SA-induced [Ca2+]c elevation was also lowered by inhibitors which effectively lowered the O−2 level. Inhibition of [Ca2+]c elevation by Ca2+ channel blockers and a Ca2+ chelator indicated that extracellular Ca2+ was responsible for the increased [Ca2+]c. Among the several SA analogs, only compounds that actively induced the O−2 generation also elevated [Ca2+]cIn addition, the inhibitory effects of SA analogs on catalase activity correlated well with their effects on the O−2 generation and the [Ca2+]c elevation. SA-dependent O−2 generation was shown to occur extracellularly, requiring both H2O2 and at least one proteinaceous factor excreted from the cells. This factor was determined to be a salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive extracellular guaiacol-utilizing peroxidase.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
SA immediately induced rapid transient superoxide generation in tobacco suspension culture.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- salicylic acid (SA)e0
- Outcome
- generation of superoxide anion (O−2)e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of salicylic acid (SA) to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) suspension culture immediately induced a rapid and transient generation of superoxide anion (O−2)”
Claim · model-written summary
SA was followed by a transient increase in cytosolic calcium.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Salicylic Acidt0
- Outcome
- cytosolic free calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]c)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by a transient increase in cytosolic free calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]c)”
t0“Salicylic Acid Induces Extracellular Superoxide Generation Followed by an Increase in Cytosolic Calcium Ion in Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxygen scavengers and a peroxidase inhibitor lowered SA induced superoxide.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- several scavengers of active oxygen species and a peroxidase inhibitore0
- Outcome
- SA-induced O−2e0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The level of SA-induced O−2 was lowered by treatment with several scavengers of active oxygen species and a peroxidase inhibitor”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
An NADPH oxidase inhibitor did not lower SA induced superoxide.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- an NADPH oxidase inhibitore0
- Outcome
- SA-induced O−2e1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not with an NADPH oxidase inhibitor”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
e1“SA-induced O−2”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitors that lowered superoxide also lowered SA induced calcium elevation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- inhibitors which effectively lowered the O−2 levele0
- Outcome
- SA-induced [Ca2+]c elevatione0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SA-induced [Ca2+]c elevation was also lowered by inhibitors which effectively lowered the O−2 level”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium channel blockers and a chelator inhibited cytosolic calcium elevation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Ca2+ channel blockers and a Ca2+ chelatore0
- Outcome
- [Ca2+]c elevatione0
- Direction
- Inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inhibition of [Ca2+]c elevation by Ca2+ channel blockers and a Ca2+ chelator”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Only SA analogs that induced superoxide also elevated cytosolic calcium.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- compounds that actively induced the O−2 generatione0
- Outcome
- [Ca2+]ce0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only compounds that actively induced the O−2 generation also elevated [Ca2+]c”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
SA analog inhibition of catalase correlated with superoxide generation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- SA analogse0
- Outcome
- O−2 generatione0
- Qualifier
- inhibitory effects of SA analogs on catalase activity correlated well with their effectse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibitory effects of SA analogs on catalase activity correlated well with their effects on the O−2 generation and the [Ca2+]c elevation”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
SA analog inhibition of catalase correlated with calcium elevation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- SA analogse0
- Outcome
- [Ca2+]c elevatione0
- Qualifier
- inhibitory effects of SA analogs on catalase activity correlated well with their effectse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibitory effects of SA analogs on catalase activity correlated well with their effects on the O−2 generation and the [Ca2+]c elevation”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
SA dependent superoxide generation occurred extracellularly and required peroxide and an excreted protein factor.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- SA-dependent O−2 generatione0
- Qualifier
- requiring both H2O2 and at least one proteinaceous factor excreted from the cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA-dependent O−2 generation was shown to occur extracellularly, requiring both H2O2 and at least one proteinaceous factor excreted from the cells”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
Claim · model-written summary
The factor was an extracellular guaiacol utilizing peroxidase sensitive to salicylhydroxamic acid.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive extracellular guaiacol-utilizing peroxidasee0
- Outcome
- factor was determined to be a salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive extracellular guaiacol-utilizing peroxidasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This factor was determined to be a salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive extracellular guaiacol-utilizing peroxidase”
t0“Tobacco Suspension Culture”
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.