Abstract
The present research was carried out to study effects of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer on leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) of corn under drought stress in Fars Agricultural Research Station (Iran). The experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete blocks (RCBD) with three replicates. Water stress was applied by three different irrigation intervals (irrigation after 70, 105 and 140 mm evaporation of basin class A) which were allocated to main plots. A combination of six levels of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer (types: superab A200) allocated to subplots as follows: S1: control, S2: 100% animal manure (40 t/ha), S3: 100% super absorbent polymer (200 kg/ha), S4: 50% animal manure+50% superabsorbent polymer, S5: 35% animal manure+65% superabsorbent polymer, S6: 65% animal manure+35% superabsorbent polymer. Results showed that the highest leaf relative water content (RWC) was obtained with 100% superabsorbent polymer (200 kg/ha), and it reduced by increasing drought stress. Cell membrane stability (CMS) increased with increasing drought stress and decreased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer. Leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD values) increased in response to drought stress and by using different combinations of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer. 1000-seed weight and grain yield was decreased by drought stress. Grain yield decreased by yield components reduction, especially 1000-seed weight due to drought stress. 1000-seed weight and grain and biological yield increased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer together as maximum yield grain was obtained by using 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymer.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pure superabsorbent polymer produced the highest corn leaf relative water content.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- 100% superabsorbent polymer (200 kg/ha)e0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest leaf relative water content (RWC) was obtained with 100% superabsorbent polymer (200 kg/ha)”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing drought stress reduced corn leaf relative water content.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- increasing drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water contentt0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it reduced by increasing drought stress.”
t0“corn leaf relative water content”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn cell membrane stability increased with drought stress.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- increasing drought stresse0
- Outcome
- Cell membrane stability (CMS)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cell membrane stability (CMS) increased with increasing drought stress”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure and polymer reduced corn cell membrane stability.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- animal manure and superabsorbent polymere0
- Outcome
- Cell membrane stability (CMS)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cell membrane stability (CMS) increased with increasing drought stress and decreased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress increased corn leaf chlorophyll index.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- Leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD values)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD values) increased in response to drought stress”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Combinations of manure and polymer increased corn chlorophyll index.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- different combinations of animal manure and superabsorbent polymere0
- Outcome
- Leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD values)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD values) increased in response to drought stress and by using different combinations of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced corn 1000-seed weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- 1000-seed weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-seed weight and grain yield was decreased by drought stress.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced corn grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-seed weight and grain yield was decreased by drought stress.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure and polymer together increased corn 1000-seed weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- animal manure and superabsorbent polymer togethere0
- Outcome
- 1000-seed weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-seed weight and grain and biological yield increased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer together as maximum yield grain was obtained by using 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymer.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure and polymer together increased corn grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- animal manure and superabsorbent polymer togethere0
- Outcome
- grain and biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-seed weight and grain and biological yield increased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer together as maximum yield grain was obtained by using 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymer.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure and polymer together increased corn biological yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- animal manure and superabsorbent polymer togethere0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-seed weight and grain and biological yield increased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer together as maximum yield grain was obtained by using 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymer.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The 65% manure and 35% polymer treatment yielded maximum corn grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymere0
- Outcome
- yield graine0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yield grain was obtained by using 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymer.”
t0“corn”
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