Abstract
Foramsulfuron has recently been registered for weed control in corn in Ontario, but there is very little information on the rate of foramsulfuron required to obtain at least 90% weed control. Our objective was to determine the foramsulfuron rates giving at least 90% weed control while maintaining crop yield loss due to weed interference and injury at less than 5%. Ten field trials were conducted at five Ontario locations (Exeter, Harrow, Ridgetown, Woodslee, and Woodstock) in 2001 and 2002 to evaluate the effectiveness of foramsulfuron at rates ranging from 8.75 to 140 g ai/ha. To obtain a reduction in biomass of 90% (I90) at 78 d after treatment (DAT), foramsulfuron must be applied to common lambsquarters at 68 g/ha and to common ragweed at 86 g/ha, respectively. For green foxtail a foramsulfuron rate of 25 g/ha was required to achieve 90% control. The application of foramsulfuron caused injury to corn at 7 DAT at Ridgetown and Woodstock only, but did not exceed a rating of 10%; by 14 and 28 DAT no corn injury was recorded at any location. Corn yield of at least 95% of a weed-free check was obtained at Woodstock when foramsulfuron was applied at 70 g/ha. At Exeter and Woodslee yield was 90% of the weed-free check at a foramsulfuron rate of 35 g/ha. Finally, at Harrow and Ridgetown, corn yield was lowered at all foramsulfuron rates because of broadleaved weed interference. Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfuron improved common lambsquarters and common ragweed control and final corn yield was improved by more than 20% when compared with an application of foramsulfuron alone. Thus, these results show that weed control with foramsulfuron is species specific and that tank mixtures with a broadleaf herbicide may be required for broad-spectrum weed control and to protect the full yield potential of corn.Nomenclature: Foramsulfuron; common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. AMBEL; common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEAL; green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. SETVI; corn, Zea mays L.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Foramsulfuron applied at 68 g/ha to common lambsquarters gives a 90% biomass reduction at 78 DAT.
- Treatment
- applied to common lambsquarters at 68 g/hae1
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume1weed - Outcome
- reduction in biomasse1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 90%e1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e1“To obtain a reduction in biomass of 90% (I90) at 78 d after treatment (DAT), foramsulfuron must be applied to common lambsquarters at 68 g/ha and to common ragweed at 86 g/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Foramsulfuron applied at 86 g/ha to common ragweed gives a 90% biomass reduction at 78 DAT.
- Treatment
- to common ragweed at 86 g/hae1
- Interactor
- common ragweed
Ambrosia artemisiifoliae1weed - Outcome
- reduction in biomasse1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 90%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e1“To obtain a reduction in biomass of 90% (I90) at 78 d after treatment (DAT), foramsulfuron must be applied to common lambsquarters at 68 g/ha and to common ragweed at 86 g/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Foramsulfuron at 25 g/ha was required to achieve 90% control of green foxtail.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e2“For green foxtail a foramsulfuron rate of 25 g/ha was required to achieve 90% control”
Claim · model-written summary
Foramsulfuron caused corn injury at 7 DAT at Ridgetown and Woodstock, not exceeding 10%.
- Treatment
- The application of foramsulfurone3
- Outcome
- injury to corne3
- Value
- 10%e3
- Setting
- Ridgetown and Woodstocke3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e3“The application of foramsulfuron caused injury to corn at 7 DAT at Ridgetown and Woodstock only, but did not exceed a rating of 10%”
Claim · model-written summary
No corn injury was recorded at 14 and 28 DAT at any location.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e4“by 14 and 28 DAT no corn injury was recorded at any location”
Claim · model-written summary
Foramsulfuron applied at 70 g/ha gave corn yield of at least 95% of the weed-free check at Woodstock.
- Treatment
- was applied at 70 g/hae5
- Outcome
- Corn yielde5
- Value
- at least 95%e5
- Comparator
- weed-free checke5
- Setting
- Woodstocke5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e5“Corn yield of at least 95% of a weed-free check was obtained at Woodstock when foramsulfuron was applied at 70 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Foramsulfuron at 35 g/ha gave corn yield of 90% of the weed-free check at Exeter and Woodslee.
- Treatment
- at a foramsulfuron rate of 35 g/hae6
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Value
- 90%e6
- Comparator
- weed-free checke6
- Setting
- Exeter and Woodsleee6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e6“At Exeter and Woodslee yield was 90% of the weed-free check at a foramsulfuron rate of 35 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
At Harrow and Ridgetown, corn yield was lowered at all foramsulfuron rates by broadleaved weed interference.
- Treatment
- all foramsulfuron ratese7
- Interactor
- broadleaved weede7weed
- Outcome
- corn yielde7
- Direction
- lowerede7
- Setting
- Harrow and Ridgetowne7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e7“at Harrow and Ridgetown, corn yield was lowered at all foramsulfuron rates because of broadleaved weed interference”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfuron improved control of common lambsquarters and common ragweed relative to foramsulfuron alone.
- Treatment
- Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfurone7
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume7weed
- Second interactor
- common ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifoliae7weed
- Outcome
- common lambsquarters and common ragweed controle7
- Direction
- improvede7
- Comparator
- foramsulfuron alonee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e7“Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfuron improved common lambsquarters and common ragweed control and final corn yield was improved by more than 20% when compared with an application of foramsulfuron alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfuron improved final corn yield by more than 20% relative to foramsulfuron alone.
- Treatment
- Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfurone7
- Outcome
- final corn yielde7
- Direction
- improvede7
- Value
- more than 20%e7
- Comparator
- foramsulfuron alonee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e7“Tank-mixing foramsulfuron with dicamba plus prosulfuron improved common lambsquarters and common ragweed control and final corn yield was improved by more than 20% when compared with an application of foramsulfuron alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixtures with a broadleaf herbicide may be required for broad-spectrum weed control and to protect corn yield potential.
- Outcome
- tank mixtures with a broadleaf herbicide may be requirede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e6“tank mixtures with a broadleaf herbicide may be required for broad-spectrum weed control and to protect the full yield potential of corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control with foramsulfuron is species specific.
- Outcome
- weed control with foramsulfuron is species specifice5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, Zea mays L.”
e5“weed control with foramsulfuron is species specific”
The same questions in other papers
foramsulfuron · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Prosulfuron · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
Ambrosia artemisiifolia · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
Chenopodium album · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
foramsulfuron · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →dicamba · Chenopodium album · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →dicamba · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- no effect
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →foramsulfuron · Chenopodium album · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.