Abstract
Efficacy of ten fungicides with three different concentrations, that is, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm were studied in vitro against Colletortricum capsici by poisoned food technique. Results revealed that Propiconazole was significantly superior to all other fungicides by inhibiting (100%) growth followed by Hexaconazole (96.55%) and Chlorothalonil (86.78%) over control after 10 days of incubation. Biocontrol agent namely, Trichoderma viride,Gliocladium spp., Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii and Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated for their efficacy against C. capsici in vitro. Percent inhibition of the test pathogen ranged from 41.18 to 53.33%. T. harzianum, was found to be the most effective antagonist which caused growth inhibition of 53.33%. It showed the possibility of the most ecofriendly and inexpensive method of control of the leaf spot disease. A total of eleven plant extracts which were locally available were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique. Overall percent inhibition of growth of the fungus ranged from 7.30 to 76.15%. Polyalthia longifoliarecorded maximum inhibition of 76.15% at 15% concentration followed by rhizome extractCurcuma longa with 66.88% and Allium cepa 63.96%. Whereas, Aegale marmelos andParthenium hysterophorus showed minimum mean inhibition of 20.86 and 28.66%, respectively. The results from pot culture experiment revealed that Propiconazole (0.05%) was found to be significantly superior among all the treatments. The next best fungicide was Hexaconazole (0.10%) and Chlorothalonil (0.15%). Among plant extracts, P. longifolia(15%) was superior over all other plant extracts. In the case of biocontrol agents, T. viridewas superior over T. harzianum in pot culture experiment. Key words: Turmeric, efficacy, fungicides, bioagents, botanicals, Colletotrichum capsici.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole inhibited pathogen growth by 100% in vitro and was superior to other fungicides.
- Taxon
- turmeric
_W_IMG_2440.jpg?width=60)
Curcuma longat0 - Treatment
- Propiconazolee0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicie1pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_W_IMG_2440.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Propiconazole was significantly superior to all other fungicides by inhibiting (100%) growth followed by Hexaconazole (96.55%) and Chlorothalonil (86.78%) over control after 10 days of incubation.”
e1“against Colletortricum capsici”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexaconazole inhibited pathogen growth by 96.55% relative to control.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Hexaconazolee0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicie1pathogen
- Outcome
- Colletortricum capsicie1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 96.55%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hexaconazole (96.55%) and Chlorothalonil (86.78%) over control after 10 days of incubation.”
e1“against Colletortricum capsici”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorothalonil inhibited pathogen growth by 86.78% relative to control.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Chlorothalonile0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicie1pathogen
- Outcome
- Colletortricum capsicie1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 86.78%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorothalonil (86.78%) over control after 10 days of incubation.”
e1“against Colletortricum capsici”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum was the most effective antagonist, inhibiting pathogen growth by 53.33%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- growth inhibitione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 53.33%e0
- Comparator
- most effective antagoniste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. harzianum, was found to be the most effective antagonist which caused growth inhibition of 53.33%.”
e1“against C. capsici in vitro.”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
The tested biocontrol agents inhibited pathogen growth by 41.18 to 53.33%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- Percent inhibition of the test pathogene0
- Value
- 41.18 to 53.33%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percent inhibition of the test pathogen ranged from 41.18 to 53.33%.”
e1“against C. capsici in vitro.”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested plant extracts inhibited fungal growth by 7.30 to 76.15%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- percent inhibition of growth of the funguse0
- Value
- 7.30 to 76.15%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall percent inhibition of growth of the fungus ranged from 7.30 to 76.15%.”
e1“were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyalthia longifolia extract produced maximum pathogen growth inhibition of 76.15% at 15% concentration.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Polyalthia longifoliae0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 76.15%e0
- Qualifier
- 15% concentratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polyalthia longifoliarecorded maximum inhibition of 76.15% at 15% concentration followed by rhizome extractCurcuma longa with 66.88% and Allium cepa 63.96%.”
e1“were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Curcuma longa rhizome extract inhibited pathogen growth by 66.88%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- rhizome extractCurcuma longae0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- C. capsicie1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 66.88%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rhizome extractCurcuma longa with 66.88%”
e1“were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Allium cepa extract inhibited pathogen growth by 63.96%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Allium cepae0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- C. capsicie1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 63.96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Allium cepa 63.96%”
e1“were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Aegale marmelos extract showed minimum mean inhibition of 20.86%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Aegale marmelose0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- mean inhibitione0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 20.86e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aegale marmelos andParthenium hysterophorus showed minimum mean inhibition of 20.86 and 28.66%, respectively.”
e1“were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Parthenium hysterophorus extract showed minimum mean inhibition of 28.66%.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Parthenium hysterophoruse0
- Interactor
- C. capsiciColletotrichum truncatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- mean inhibitione0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 28.66%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aegale marmelos andParthenium hysterophorus showed minimum mean inhibition of 20.86 and 28.66%, respectively.”
e1“were evaluated in vitro against C. capsici and were tested applying poisoned food technique”
t0“turmeric”
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole at 0.05% was significantly superior among pot treatments.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Propiconazole (0.05%)e0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- superiore0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- all the treatmentse0
- Setting
- pot culture experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results from pot culture experiment revealed that Propiconazole (0.05%) was found to be significantly superior among all the treatments.”
t0“leaf spot of turmeric incited by Colletortricum capsici”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexaconazole at 0.10% was the next best fungicide in pots.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Hexaconazole (0.10%)e0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- next best fungicidee0
- Direction
- next beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The next best fungicide was Hexaconazole (0.10%) and Chlorothalonil (0.15%).”
t0“leaf spot of turmeric incited by Colletortricum capsici”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorothalonil at 0.15% was also the next best fungicide in pots.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- Chlorothalonil (0.15%)e0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- next best fungicidee0
- Direction
- next beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The next best fungicide was Hexaconazole (0.10%) and Chlorothalonil (0.15%).”
t0“leaf spot of turmeric incited by Colletortricum capsici”
Claim · model-written summary
P. longifolia at 15% was superior among plant extracts in pots.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- P. longifolia(15%)e0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- superiore0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- all other plant extractse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among plant extracts, P. longifolia(15%) was superior over all other plant extracts.”
t0“leaf spot of turmeric incited by Colletortricum capsici”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride was superior to T. harzianum in the pot culture experiment.
- Taxon
- turmericCurcuma longat0
- Treatment
- T. viridee0
- Interactor
- Colletortricum capsicit0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. viride
Trichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- superiore0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- T. harzianume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. viridewas superior over T. harzianum in pot culture experiment.”
t0“leaf spot of turmeric incited by Colletortricum capsici”
The same questions in other papers
propiconazole · growth · Curcuma longa (turmeric)Results agree
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.