Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a cryopreservation method for long-term storage of mature somatic embryos of Picea spp. The effects of drying rate, embryo water content prior to cryopreservation, thawing rate, and rehydration on survival of cryopreserved somatic embryos were investigated. Emphasis was placed on the capacity of cryopreserved somatic embryos to germinate and regenerate plantlets directly, or to reinduce embryogenic tissue for new embryo production. Firstly, a slow drying rate at 97 or 88% relative humidity (RH) was needed to achieve high germination (96.7–100%) and high plantlet conversion rates (26.7–46.7%) (not different from controls). Secondly, somatic embryos had to reach a water content of 0.23 g H 2 O g −1 d.wt (48 h of desiccation at 97% RH) before immersion in liquid nitrogen to germinate at high frequency (93.8%). Thawing techniques had no effect on embryo survival. Dried and cryopreserved somatic embryos of Picea can also be used to reinduce embryogenic tissue and start new embryo production. Best reinduction frequency (66.7%) was obtained from cryopreserved embryos dried at 97% RH and rehydrated at 100% RH for 12 h prior to reinduction. No difference in embryo production was noticed between the parent line (1st embryogenic cycle) and the sub-lines (2nd embryogenic cycle). Second generation embryos germinated and regenerated into plantlets at rates similar to controls. The optimal cryopreservation method was successfully applied to several P. mariana and P. glauca genotypes. Copyright 2000 Annals of Botany Company
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Slow drying at 97 or 88% RH produced 96.7–100% germination.
- Treatment
- a slow drying rate at 97 or 88% relative humidity (RH)e0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 96.7–100%e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
PiceaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a slow drying rate at 97 or 88% relative humidity (RH) was needed to achieve high germination (96.7–100%) and high plantlet conversion rates (26.7–46.7%) (not different from controls).”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow drying at 97 or 88% RH produced 26.7–46.7% plantlet conversion.
- Treatment
- a slow drying rate at 97 or 88% relative humidity (RH)e0
- Outcome
- plantlet conversion ratese0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 26.7–46.7%e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a slow drying rate at 97 or 88% relative humidity (RH) was needed to achieve high germination (96.7–100%) and high plantlet conversion rates (26.7–46.7%) (not different from controls).”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Embryos dried to 0.23 g H 2 O g −1 d.wt before freezing germinated at 93.8%.
- Treatment
- 48 h of desiccation at 97% RHe0
- Outcome
- germinatee0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 93.8%e0
- Qualifier
- water content of 0.23 g H 2 O g −1 d.wte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“somatic embryos had to reach a water content of 0.23 g H 2 O g −1 d.wt (48 h of desiccation at 97% RH) before immersion in liquid nitrogen to germinate at high frequency (93.8%).”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thawing technique did not affect embryo survival.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thawing techniques had no effect on embryo survival.”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dried cryopreserved Picea embryos could reinduce embryogenic tissue.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dried and cryopreserved somatic embryos of Picea can also be used to reinduce embryogenic tissue and start new embryo production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dried cryopreserved Picea embryos could start new embryo production.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dried and cryopreserved somatic embryos of Picea can also be used to reinduce embryogenic tissue and start new embryo production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying at 97% RH and rehydration at 100% RH for 12 h gave 66.7% reinduction.
- Treatment
- dried at 97% RH and rehydrated at 100% RH for 12 he0
- Outcome
- reinduction frequencye0
- Direction
- Beste0
- Value
- 66.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Best reinduction frequency (66.7%) was obtained from cryopreserved embryos dried at 97% RH and rehydrated at 100% RH for 12 h prior to reinduction.”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Embryo production did not differ between parent line and sublines.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No difference in embryo production was noticed between the parent line (1st embryogenic cycle) and the sub-lines (2nd embryogenic cycle).”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Second generation embryos germinated at rates similar to controls.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Second generation embryos germinated and regenerated into plantlets at rates similar to controls.”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Second generation embryos regenerated into plantlets at rates similar to controls.
- Organ / stage
- Second generation embryose0
- Outcome
- regenerated into plantletse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Second generation embryos germinated and regenerated into plantlets at rates similar to controls.”
e1“Picea spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal cryopreservation method worked across several P. mariana genotypes.
- Taxon
- P. mariana
Picea marianae0 - Material
- P. marianae0
- Outcome
- successfully appliede0
- Value
- severale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal cryopreservation method was successfully applied to several P. mariana and P. glauca genotypes.”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal cryopreservation method worked across several P. glauca genotypes.
- Taxon
- P. glauca
Picea glaucae0 - Material
- P. glaucae0
- Outcome
- successfully appliede0
- Value
- severale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal cryopreservation method was successfully applied to several P. mariana and P. glauca genotypes.”