Abstract
• Tropospheric ozone (O3) is damaging to plants and decreases crop yields. This study investigated the role of two plant growth regulators in affecting wheat-yield responses to elevated [O3]. In a controlled factorial experiment, wheat plants were treated with combinations of Ethephon, which releases ethene, Chlormequat, which blocks gibberellin synthesis, and elevated [O3]. • Spring-wheat plants were subjected to lifelong exposures to ambient or moderately elevated [O3]. At flag-leaf emergence, the plants were treated with Ethephon and/or Chlormequat, or untreated (controls). Gas-exchange measurements were made at anthesis; morphology, biomass, and yield components were recorded at harvest. • Elevated [O3] accelerated development and decreased the number of grains per ear and ears per plant. Chlormequat abolished these O3 effects, protecting against yield reduction though not biomass loss. Ethephon treatment partially protected against O3-induced biomass loss though not yield reduction. • This study suggests that the effects of elevated [O3] on development and allocation are more important in determining the yield response of wheat than the accompanying decline in photosynthesis and biomass accumulation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone accelerated wheat development.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Elevated [O3]e0
- Outcome
- developmente0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated [O3] accelerated development and decreased the number of grains per ear and ears per plant.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased grains per ear.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Elevated [O3]e0
- Outcome
- number of grains per eare0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated [O3] accelerated development and decreased the number of grains per ear and ears per plant.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased ears per plant.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Elevated [O3]e0
- Outcome
- ears per plante0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated [O3] accelerated development and decreased the number of grains per ear and ears per plant.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlormequat abolished ozone effects on wheat development and grain and ear counts.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Chlormequate0
- Outcome
- these O3 effectse0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlormequat abolished these O3 effects, protecting against yield reduction though not biomass loss.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlormequat protected wheat against ozone yield reduction.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Chlormequate0
- Outcome
- yield reductione0
- Direction
- protecting againste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlormequat abolished these O3 effects, protecting against yield reduction though not biomass loss.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlormequat did not protect wheat from biomass loss.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Chlormequate0
- Outcome
- biomass losse0
- Direction
- note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlormequat abolished these O3 effects, protecting against yield reduction though not biomass loss.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon partly protected wheat from ozone induced biomass loss.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ethephon treatmente0
- Outcome
- O3-induced biomass losse0
- Direction
- partially protectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon treatment partially protected against O3-induced biomass loss though not yield reduction.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon did not protect wheat from yield reduction.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ethephon treatmente0
- Outcome
- yield reductione0
- Direction
- note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon treatment partially protected against O3-induced biomass loss though not yield reduction.”
t0“wheat”
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