Abstract
Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1). Stomatal conductances of abaxial and adaxial epidermes measured under optimal conditions were not significantly affected by growth under E, but the stomatal regulation of gas exchange was better. Leaf photosynthetic rate (A) of elevated CO2 plants was similar to that of control plants when both were measured under normal CO2, but higher when both were measured under elevated CO2. The A of elevated CO2 plants was much higher than the A of control plants when measured under their respective growth CO2 concentration, which resulted in their higher growth rate. Chlorophyll a and b contents, and activities of whole electron transport chain and of photosystem (PS) II were not markedly affected by growth under E, and the maximum efficiency of PSII measured as the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence was even slightly increased. Hence no down-regulation of photosynthesis occurred in transplanted plants grown for 4 weeks under E. The contents of β-carotene and of xanthophyll cycle pigments (violaxanthin+antheraxanthin+zeaxanthin) were lower in E plants. The degree of de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigments was not changed or was even lower after transfer to ex vitro conditions, which indicated that no photoinhibition occurred. Therefore, CO2 enrichment can improve acclimation of in vitro-grown plantlets to ex vitro conditions.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductances of abaxial and adaxial epidermes under optimal conditions were not significantly affected by growth under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- Stomatal conductancese1
- Direction
- not significantly affectede1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“Stomatal conductances of abaxial and adaxial epidermes measured under optimal conditions were not significantly affected by growth under E”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal regulation of gas exchange was better under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- stomatal regulation of gas exchangee1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“the stomatal regulation of gas exchange was better”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf photosynthetic rate of elevated CO2 plants was similar to control plants when both were measured under normal CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- Leaf photosynthetic rate (A)e1
- Direction
- similare1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“Leaf photosynthetic rate (A) of elevated CO2 plants was similar to that of control plants when both were measured under normal CO2, but higher when both were measured under elevated CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf photosynthetic rate of elevated CO2 plants was higher than control plants when both were measured under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- Leaf photosynthetic rate (A)e1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“Leaf photosynthetic rate (A) of elevated CO2 plants was similar to that of control plants when both were measured under normal CO2, but higher when both were measured under elevated CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic rate of elevated CO2 plants was much higher than that of control plants when measured at their respective growth CO2 concentration.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- The Ae1
- Direction
- much highere1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“The A of elevated CO2 plants was much higher than the A of control plants when measured under their respective growth CO2 concentration, which resulted in their higher growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher photosynthetic rate resulted in a higher growth rate of elevated CO2 plants.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- growth ratee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“The A of elevated CO2 plants was much higher than the A of control plants when measured under their respective growth CO2 concentration, which resulted in their higher growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll a and b contents and activities of the whole electron transport chain and of photosystem II were not markedly affected by growth under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll a and b contents, and activities of whole electron transport chain and of photosystem (PS) IIe1
- Direction
- not markedly affectede1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“Chlorophyll a and b contents, and activities of whole electron transport chain and of photosystem (PS) II were not markedly affected by growth under E”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) was even slightly increased under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- maximum efficiency of PSIIe1
- Direction
- slightly increasede1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“the maximum efficiency of PSII measured as the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence was even slightly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
No down-regulation of photosynthesis occurred in transplanted plants grown for 4 weeks under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- down-regulation of photosynthesise1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“no down-regulation of photosynthesis occurred in transplanted plants grown for 4 weeks under E”
Claim · model-written summary
Contents of beta-carotene and xanthophyll cycle pigments were lower in elevated CO2 plants.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- contents of β-carotene and of xanthophyll cycle pigmentse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“The contents of β-carotene and of xanthophyll cycle pigments (violaxanthin+antheraxanthin+zeaxanthin) were lower in E plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The degree of de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigments was not changed or was even lower after transfer to ex vitro conditions.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- degree of de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigmentse1
- Direction
- not changed or was even lowere1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“The degree of de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigments was not changed or was even lower after transfer to ex vitro conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
No photoinhibition occurred in the elevated CO2 plants.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)e0
- Outcome
- photoinhibitione1
- Comparator
- normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“no photoinhibition occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that CO2 enrichment can improve acclimation of in vitro-grown plantlets to ex vitro conditions.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- acclimatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana tabacum L. plants grown in vitro were transferred to ex vitro conditions and grown for 28 d in a greenhouse under normal CO2 concentration (C, 330 µmol mol−1) or elevated CO2 concentration (E, 1000 µmol mol−1)”
e1“CO2 enrichment can improve acclimation of in vitro-grown plantlets to ex vitro conditions”
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