Abstract
Wild peppers (Capsicum spp.) are either annual or perennial in their native habitat and their shoot architecture is dictated by their sympodial growth habit. To study shoot architecture in pepper, sympodial development is described in wild type and in the classical recessive fasciculate (fa) mutation. The basic sympodial unit in wild-type pepper comprises two leaves and a single terminal flower. fasciculate plants are characterized by the formation of floral clusters separated by short internodes and miniature leaves and by early flowering. Developmental analysis of these clusters revealed shorter sympodial units and, often, precocious termination prior to sympodial leaf formation. fa was mapped to pepper chromosome 6, in a region corresponding to the tomato SELF-PRUNING (SP) locus, the homologue of TFL1 of Arabidopsis. Sequence comparison between wild-type and fa plants revealed a duplication of the second exon in the mutants' orthologue of SP, leading to the formation of a premature stop codon. Ectopic expression of FASCICULATE complemented the Arabidopsis tfl1 mutant plants and as expected, stimulated late flowering. In agreement with the major effect of FASCICULATE imposed on sympodial development, the gene transcripts were localized to the centre of sympodial shoots but could not be detected in the primary shoot. The wide range of pleiotropic effects on plant architecture mediated by a single 'flowering' gene, suggests that it is used to co-ordinate many developmental events, and thus may underlie some of the widespread variation in the Solanaceae shoot architecture.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type pepper sympodial units had two leaves and one terminal flower.
Verbatim
e0“The basic sympodial unit in wild-type pepper comprises two leaves and a single terminal flower.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fasciculate plants formed floral clusters with short internodes and miniature leaves.
Verbatim
e0“fasciculate plants are characterized by the formation of floral clusters separated by short internodes and miniature leaves and by early flowering.”
t0“pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Fasciculate plants flowered early.
Verbatim
e0“fasciculate plants are characterized by the formation of floral clusters separated by short internodes and miniature leaves and by early flowering.”
t0“pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Fasciculate clusters had shorter sympodial units and often terminated before leaf formation.
Verbatim
e0“Developmental analysis of these clusters revealed shorter sympodial units and, often, precocious termination prior to sympodial leaf formation.”
t0“pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Fasciculate shoots often terminated before sympodial leaf formation.
Verbatim
e0“Developmental analysis of these clusters revealed shorter sympodial units and, often, precocious termination prior to sympodial leaf formation.”
t0“pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
fa mapped to pepper chromosome 6 near a region corresponding to SP.
Verbatim
e0“fa was mapped to pepper chromosome 6, in a region corresponding to the tomato SELF-PRUNING (SP) locus”
Claim · model-written summary
fa mutants had a second-exon duplication causing a premature stop codon.
Verbatim
e0“revealed a duplication of the second exon in the mutants’ orthologue of SP, leading to the formation of a premature stop codon.”
t0“pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic FASCICULATE complemented Arabidopsis tfl1 mutants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- Ectopic expression of FASCICULATEe0
- Gene
- FASCICULATEe0
- Outcome
- complemented the Arabidopsis tfl1 mutant plantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectopic expression of FASCICULATE complemented the Arabidopsis tfl1 mutant plants and as expected, stimulated late flowering.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic FASCICULATE induced late flowering in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- Ectopic expression of FASCICULATEe0
- Gene
- FASCICULATEe0
- Outcome
- late floweringe0
- Direction
- latee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectopic expression of FASCICULATE complemented the Arabidopsis tfl1 mutant plants and as expected, stimulated late flowering.”
Claim · model-written summary
FASCICULATE transcripts localized to sympodial shoot centers but were undetected in primary shoots.
Verbatim
e0“the gene transcripts were localized to the centre of sympodial shoots but could not be detected in the primary shoot.”
t0“pepper”
t1“FASCICULATE”
The same questions in other papers
overexpression · phenology · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
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