Abstract
Field studies were conducted at the University of Ghana, Legon farm from June to September 2005 to investigate the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in response to herbicide application. Four groups of herbicides; 2,4-D (Bextra and Calliherbe), glyphosate (Kalach 360SL, Fire and Weed Out), Atrazine (Callitraz 500SC and Trazine 500SC) and Paraquat (Gramoxone Super and Benaxone) were used. Each of the named herbicides constituted a treatment, with hand weeding as the control. In all, there were ten treatments and four replicates arranged in a randomized complete block design. Paraquat and gyphosate treatments were applied before sowing; Atrazine and 2,4-D were applied two days after sowing. The compound fertilizer 15-15-15 (N-P-K) at the rate of 250 kg/ha was applied as side dressing 2 WAP. Top dressing with sulphate of ammonia at rate of 125 kg/ha was applied 6 WAP. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the data was carried out using (Genstat 5 statistical package, 1997). Significant differences between means were estimated by the Least Significant Difference at 5% level of significance. Results revealed that dry matter accumulation, leaf area were similar in all treatments across the sample period. Glyphosate, Paraquat and Atrazine treatment had dry matter accumulation similar to the control. 2,4-D treatment however had higher dry matter at 2 WAP. Although there was no difference in the number of kernels per plant among the various treatments 2,4-D treatment plots produced 33 to 41% less as compared to the control in yield per hectare.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation and leaf area of maize were similar across all herbicide treatments and hand-weeded control.
- Treatment
- herbicide applicatione1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulation, leaf areae4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
- Comparator
- hand weedinge2
- Setting
- Legon farme0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted at the University of Ghana, Legon farm from June to September 2005”
e1“to investigate the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in response to herbicide application”
e2“Each of the named herbicides constituted a treatment, with hand weeding as the control”
e4“dry matter accumulation, leaf area were similar in all treatments across the sample period”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate, Paraquat and Atrazine gave maize dry matter accumulation similar to the hand-weeded control.
- Treatment
- Glyphosate, Paraquat and Atrazinee5
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- controle5
- Setting
- Legon farme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted at the University of Ghana, Legon farm from June to September 2005”
e1“to investigate the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in response to herbicide application”
e3“Four groups of herbicides; 2,4-D (Bextra and Calliherbe), glyphosate (Kalach 360SL, Fire and Weed Out), Atrazine (Callitraz 500SC and Trazine 500SC) and Paraquat (Gramoxone Super and Benaxone)”
e5“Glyphosate, Paraquat and Atrazine treatment had dry matter accumulation similar to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D gave higher maize dry matter at 2 weeks after planting.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted at the University of Ghana, Legon farm from June to September 2005”
e1“to investigate the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in response to herbicide application”
e3“Four groups of herbicides; 2,4-D (Bextra and Calliherbe), glyphosate (Kalach 360SL, Fire and Weed Out), Atrazine (Callitraz 500SC and Trazine 500SC) and Paraquat (Gramoxone Super and Benaxone)”
e6“2,4-D treatment however had higher dry matter at 2 WAP”
Claim · model-written summary
Number of kernels per plant of maize did not differ among the herbicide treatments.
- Treatment
- various treatmentse7
- Outcome
- number of kernels per plante7
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede7
- Setting
- Legon farme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted at the University of Ghana, Legon farm from June to September 2005”
e1“to investigate the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in response to herbicide application”
e7“Although there was no difference in the number of kernels per plant among the various treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D reduced maize yield per hectare by 33 to 41% compared with the hand-weeded control.
- Treatment
- 2,4-De2
- Outcome
- yield per hectaree2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Value
- 33 to 41%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- Legon farme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted at the University of Ghana, Legon farm from June to September 2005”
e1“to investigate the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in response to herbicide application”
e2“2,4-D treatment plots produced 33 to 41% less as compared to the control in yield per hectare”
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