Abstract
Dietary quality is an important limiting factor for proper nutrition in many resource poor settings, with a major concern, micronutrient bioavailability. High content of phytate present in soybean (Glycine max. L) chelates divalent essential mineral ions and reduces its bioavailability and thus dictates the nutritional role of this wonder crop. In this study, the changes in phytate, phytase activity and bioavailability of essential minerals (Fe 2+ , Zn 2+ ,Ca 2+ ) were investigated using various colorimetric assays, AAS and functionally validated using an in vivo simulation model in two Indian cultivars, Pusa 9712 and Kalitur after soaking and germination. Phytate-mineral ratio, another parameter for bioavailability was also analyzed. Phytate content was reduced to 10-13% after 12 hrs of soaking and a further reduction to 46-65% was observed after 72 hrs of germination in Kalitur and Pusa 9712, respectively. Phytate being mainly hydrolyzed by phytase, we observed a six-fold increase in its activity after 72 hrs of germination, compared to control. Considering the dietary role, using an in vivo mimicking approach, a significant increase in the bioavailability of Fe 2+ (8-21%), Zn 2+ (7-18.5%) and Ca 2+ (8-24%) in Kalitur and 9-27% (Fe 2+ ), 9-25% (Zn 2+ ) and 9-23% (Ca 2+ ) in Pusa 9712, respectively was observed after 72 hrs of germination. A negative correlation (p ≤ 0.05) was observed between phytate and mineral bioavailability in sprouted soybean seeds. Thus soybean sprouts enhance the nutritional quality by lowering the anti-nutrient contents and increasing the bioavailability of minerals.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
After 12 hours soaking, soybean phytate content was reduced to 10–13%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- 12 hrs of soakinge0
- Outcome
- Phytate contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10-13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytate content was reduced to 10-13% after 12 hrs of soaking”
e1“soybean (Glycine max. L)”
Claim · model-written summary
After 72 hours germination, phytate fell further by 46–65% in Kalitur and Pusa 9712.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Material
- Kalitur and Pusa 9712e0
- Treatment
- 72 hrs of germinatione0
- Outcome
- Phytate contente2
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 46-65%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a further reduction to 46-65% was observed after 72 hrs of germination in Kalitur and Pusa 9712”
e1“soybean (Glycine max. L)”
e2“Phytate content was reduced to 10-13% after 12 hrs of soaking”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytase activity increased sixfold after 72 hours germination versus control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- 72 hrs of germinatione0
- Gene
- phytasee1
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- six-folde0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a six-fold increase in its activity after 72 hrs of germination, compared to control”
e1“Phytate being mainly hydrolyzed by phytase”
e2“soybean (Glycine max. L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination increased Fe bioavailability in Pusa 9712 by 9–27%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Material
- Pusa 9712e0
- Treatment
- 72 hrs of germinatione0
- Compound
- Fe 2+e0
- Outcome
- bioavailabilitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 9-27%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“9-27% (Fe 2+ ), 9-25% (Zn 2+ ) and 9-23% (Ca 2+ ) in Pusa 9712, respectively was observed after 72 hrs of germination”
e1“a significant increase in the bioavailability”
e2“soybean (Glycine max. L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination increased Zn bioavailability in Pusa 9712 by 9–25%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Material
- Pusa 9712e0
- Treatment
- 72 hrs of germinatione0
- Compound
- Zn 2+e0
- Outcome
- bioavailabilitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 9-25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“9-27% (Fe 2+ ), 9-25% (Zn 2+ ) and 9-23% (Ca 2+ ) in Pusa 9712, respectively was observed after 72 hrs of germination”
e1“a significant increase in the bioavailability”
e2“soybean (Glycine max. L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination increased Ca bioavailability in Pusa 9712 by 9–23%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Material
- Pusa 9712e0
- Treatment
- 72 hrs of germinatione0
- Compound
- Ca 2+e0
- Outcome
- bioavailabilitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 9-23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“9-27% (Fe 2+ ), 9-25% (Zn 2+ ) and 9-23% (Ca 2+ ) in Pusa 9712, respectively was observed after 72 hrs of germination”
e1“a significant increase in the bioavailability”
e2“soybean (Glycine max. L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytate and mineral bioavailability were negatively correlated in sprouted soybean seeds.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- sprouted soybean seedse0
- Compound
- phytatee0
- Outcome
- mineral bioavailabilitye0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A negative correlation (p ≤ 0.05) was observed between phytate and mineral bioavailability in sprouted soybean seeds”
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See all 50 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.