Abstract
Cotton plants accumulate sesquiterpene aldehydes in pigment glands. The two enzymes farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS) and (+)-delta-cadinene synthase (CAD), a sesquiterpene cyclase, are involved in the biosynthesis of these secondary metabolites. A full-length cDNA (garfps) encoding FPS was isolated from Gossypium arboreum and identified by in vitro enzymatic assay of the garfps protein heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Treatment of G. arboreum suspension-cultured cells with an elicitor preparation obtained from the phytopathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae dramatically induced transcription of both FPS and CAD, paralleling the accumulation of the sesquiterpene aldehydes in these cells. For G. australe, a wild species from Australia, the V. dahliae elicitor preparation also caused an induction of FPS but only a low rate of induction of CAD, apparently because of a constitutive expression of the sesquiterpene cyclase gene in suspension-cultured cells. Two transcripts and proteins of FPS were detected in the elicited G. australe cells; the smaller FPS seemed to be de novo synthesized after elicitation. Furthermore, G. australe-cultured cells accumulated the cadinene, instead of sesquiterpene aldehydes, indicating that the biosynthetic pathway leading to sesquiterpene aldehydes was absent or blocked after FPP cyclization.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Verticillium dahliae elicitor dramatically induced transcription of FPS and CAD in G. arboreum cell cultures.
- Taxon
- G. arboreum
Gossypium arboreume0 - Treatment
- elicitor preparation obtained from the phytopathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliaee0
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee0pathogen - Gene
- FPS and CADe0
- Outcome
- transcriptione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of G. arboreum suspension-cultured cells with an elicitor preparation obtained from the phytopathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae dramatically induced transcription of both FPS and CAD”
Claim · model-written summary
The V. dahliae elicitor induced FPS in G. australe cell cultures.
- Taxon
- G. australe
Gossypium australee1 - Treatment
- V. dahliae elicitor preparatione1
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Gene
- FPSe1
- Outcome
- FPSe1
- Direction
- inductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“For G. australe, a wild species from Australia, the V. dahliae elicitor preparation also caused an induction of FPS”
Claim · model-written summary
CAD was induced only weakly in G. australe, apparently because of its constitutive expression.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Gene
- CADe2
- Outcome
- induction of CADe2
- Direction
- lowe2
- Qualifier
- constitutive expression of the sesquiterpene cyclase genee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“For G. australe, a wild species from Australia, the V. dahliae elicitor preparation also caused an induction of FPS”
e2“but only a low rate of induction of CAD, apparently because of a constitutive expression of the sesquiterpene cyclase gene in suspension-cultured cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Two transcripts and proteins of FPS were detected in elicited G. australe cells.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee3
- Gene
- FPSe3
- Outcome
- transcripts and proteins of FPSe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Two transcripts and proteins of FPS were detected in the elicited G. australe cells; the smaller FPS seemed to be de novo synthesized after elicitation”
Claim · model-written summary
The smaller FPS in elicited G. australe cells seems to be de novo synthesized after elicitation.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee3
- Outcome
- the smaller FPSe3
- Qualifier
- de novo synthesized after elicitatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Two transcripts and proteins of FPS were detected in the elicited G. australe cells; the smaller FPS seemed to be de novo synthesized after elicitation”
Claim · model-written summary
G. australe cells accumulated cadinene instead of sesquiterpene aldehydes.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee4
- Outcome
- accumulated the cadinenee4
- Qualifier
- instead of sesquiterpene aldehydese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“G. australe-cultured cells accumulated the cadinene, instead of sesquiterpene aldehydes”
Claim · model-written summary
The biosynthetic pathway to sesquiterpene aldehydes appears absent or blocked after FPP cyclization in G. australe.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee4
- Outcome
- biosynthetic pathway leading to sesquiterpene aldehydese5
- Qualifier
- absent or blocked after FPP cyclizatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“G. australe-cultured cells accumulated the cadinene, instead of sesquiterpene aldehydes”
e5“the biosynthetic pathway leading to sesquiterpene aldehydes was absent or blocked after FPP cyclization”
Claim · model-written summary
A full-length FPS cDNA (garfps) from G. arboreum was identified as encoding FPS by in vitro enzymatic assay.
- Taxon
- Gossypium arboreumGossypium arboreume6
- Gene
- garfpse6
- Outcome
- full-length cDNA (garfps) encoding FPSe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“A full-length cDNA (garfps) encoding FPS was isolated from Gossypium arboreum and identified by in vitro enzymatic assay of the garfps protein heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli”
Claim · model-written summary
Elicitation paralleled the accumulation of sesquiterpene aldehydes in G. arboreum cells.
- Taxon
- G. arboreumGossypium arboreume0
- Outcome
- accumulation of the sesquiterpene aldehydese7
- Qualifier
- parallelinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of G. arboreum suspension-cultured cells with an elicitor preparation obtained from the phytopathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae dramatically induced transcription of both FPS and CAD”
e7“paralleling the accumulation of the sesquiterpene aldehydes in these cells”