Abstract
The endogenous concentrations of ACC and ABA were measured, at predawn and at maximum solar radiation, during a summer drought, and recovery after autumn rainfalls, in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), a drought-tolerant species, growing under Mediterranean field conditions. During the summer, plants were subjected to both water deficit and high solar radiation. Plants showed severe reductions in shoot water potential to -3 MPa, which were associated with drastic stomatal closure (73%), a decrease in net photosynthesis, reaching almost zero, and a severe chlorophyll loss (74%). Despite the severity of the stress, plants recovered after the autumn rainfalls. The concentration of ACC was not enhanced by drought, and at predawn these concentrations remained constant at approximately 600 pmol ACC-1 DW throughout the experiment. Thus, ethylene did not regulate the response of rosemary to drought. However, a sharp increase in ACC levels between predawn and midday was observed. This increase was positively correlated to the intensity of the incident solar radiation. ACC levels recorded in June at midday reached 16 000 pmol g DW and in October values of 1000 pmol g-1 DW were observed. In contrast, in drought-stressed plants predawn concentrations of ABA were up to 130-fold those of recovered plants, and the levels of ABA scored at midday were double of those scored at predawn. In conclusion, although drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn), it seems to be an essential factor for the regulation of the plant response to stress, thereby enabling a rapid recovery after stress release, although other mechanisms can not be excluded. As drought stress did not induce ACC accumulation, it was concluded that ethylene production was not a major factor in the drought stress resistance of rosemary plants. The increased ACC and ABA concentrations at midday were correlated with day length and light intensity and not with the water status of the plant.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Summer stress reduced shoot water potential to -3 MPa.
- Taxon
- rosemary
Salvia rosmarinuse1 - Outcome
- shoot water potentiale0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- -3 MPae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants showed severe reductions in shoot water potential to -3 MPa”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer stress was associated with 73% stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
- Direction
- closuree0
- Value
- 73%e0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“associated with drastic stomatal closure (73%)”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthesis fell to almost zero during stress.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- almost zeroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in net photosynthesis, reaching almost zero”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll loss reached 74% during stress.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll losse0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- 74%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a severe chlorophyll loss (74%)”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants recovered following autumn rainfalls.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- recoverede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants recovered after the autumn rainfalls.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought did not enhance ACC concentration.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- concentration of ACCe0
- Direction
- not enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of ACC was not enhanced by drought”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Predawn ACC remained around 600 pmol ACC-1 DW throughout the experiment.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- concentrationse0
- Direction
- remained constante0
- Value
- approximately 600 pmol ACC-1 DWe0
- Qualifier
- at predawne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at predawn these concentrations remained constant at approximately 600 pmol ACC-1 DW throughout the experiment.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC levels rose sharply between predawn and midday.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- ACC levelse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- between predawn and middaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a sharp increase in ACC levels between predawn and midday was observed.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC increase was positively correlated with incident solar radiation intensity.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Treatment
- incident solar radiatione0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This increase was positively correlated to the intensity of the incident solar radiation.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Midday ACC reached 16 000 pmol g DW in June.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- ACC levelse0
- Value
- 16 000 pmol g DWe0
- Qualifier
- June at middaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACC levels recorded in June at midday reached 16 000 pmol g DW”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC values were 1000 pmol g-1 DW in October.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- valuese0
- Value
- 1000 pmol g-1 DWe0
- Qualifier
- Octobere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in October values of 1000 pmol g-1 DW were observed.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Predawn ABA in drought-stressed plants reached up to 130 times recovered-plant values.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Treatment
- drought-stressede0
- Outcome
- concentrations of ABAe0
- Direction
- up to 130-folde0
- Value
- 130-folde0
- Comparator
- recovered plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in drought-stressed plants predawn concentrations of ABA were up to 130-fold those of recovered plants”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Midday ABA levels were twice predawn levels.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- levels of ABAe0
- Direction
- doublee0
- Value
- doublee0
- Comparator
- predawne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the levels of ABA scored at midday were double of those scored at predawn.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-stressed rosemary accumulated approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW# ABA at predawn.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse0
- Outcome
- ABA accumulatione0
- Value
- approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#e0
- Qualifier
- at predawne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors proposed ABA as important for stress response and rapid recovery.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Outcome
- rapid recoverye0
- Qualifier
- regulation of the plant response to stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it seems to be an essential factor for the regulation of the plant response to stress, thereby enabling a rapid recovery after stress release”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded ethylene production was not a major factor in drought resistance.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse0
- Outcome
- drought stress resistancee0
- Qualifier
- ethylene productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene production was not a major factor in the drought stress resistance of rosemary plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Midday ACC and ABA concentrations correlated with day length and light intensity.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Treatment
- light intensitye0
- Outcome
- ACC and ABA concentrationse0
- Qualifier
- day lengthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased ACC and ABA concentrations at midday were correlated with day length and light intensity and not with the water status of the plant.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
Claim · model-written summary
Midday ACC and ABA concentrations did not correlate with plant water status.
- Taxon
- rosemarySalvia rosmarinuse1
- Treatment
- water statuse0
- Outcome
- ACC and ABA concentrationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased ACC and ABA concentrations at midday were correlated with day length and light intensity and not with the water status of the plant.”
e1“drought-stressed rosemary plants showed a relatively moderate ABA accumulation (approximately 500 pmol g-1 DW#, at predawn)”
t0“Rosmarinus officinalis”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: metabolites · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.