Abstract
Field research conducted for 3 yr evaluated weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean with glyphosate applied alone and in mixtures with reduced rates of the broadleaf herbicides acifluorfen, CGA-277476 (proposed name: oxasulfuron), chlorimuron, fomesafen, or lactofen. Barnyardgrass was controlled at least 95% with glyphosate at 840 and 1,120 g ai/ha, and control was not antagonized with any of the mixtures. At 14 d after treatment (DAT), wild poinsettia and prickly sida were controlled at least 90% with all glyphosate treatments. Control remained greater than 90% 28 DAT in one of the 2 yr, but in the other year, wild poinsettia was controlled 80%, and prickly sida was controlled 43% with the high rate of glyphosate. Acifluorfen or fomesafen (210 and 315 g ai/ha), or lactofen (112 and 168 g ai/ha) applied with glyphosate increased wild poinsettia control to 91 to 95% and prickly sida to 60 to 83%. At 14 DAT, pitted morningglory control improved in most cases when acifluorfen, fomesafen, or lactofen was applied with glyphosate. Hemp sesbania control was increased when glyphosate was applied with these same herbicides as well as CGA-277476 (39 and 59 g ai/ha) and chlorimuron (4.5 and 6.7 g ai/ha). But by 28 DAT, improvement in weed control with glyphosate and broadleaf herbicide mixtures was noted only in 1998, when pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania were larger at time of application (15 to 18 cm). Glyphosate alone in 1998 controlled these weeds no more than 30%, and only for hemp sesbania was control consistently more than 80% with the addition of acifluorfen or lactofen. At 28 DAT in 1999 and 2000, when weeds were no more than 10 cm, pitted morningglory was controlled 91 and 98%, respectively, and hemp sesbania 88 and 100%, respectively, with glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/ha. Soybean injury 28 DAT, consisting of foliar chlorosis and height reduction, was as much as 14, 13, and 23% for the acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and lactofen treatments, respectively, but no more than 6% for the CGA-277476 and fomesafen treatments. When weed control with glyphosate alone was at least 85%, addition of broadleaf herbicides did not improve soybean yield.Nomenclature: Acifluorfen; CGA-277476 (2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-3-oxetanyl ester); chlorimuron; fomesafen; glyphosate; lactofen; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. #3 ECHCG; hemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. ex. A. W. Hill # SEBEX; pitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLA; prickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSP; wild poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla L. # EPHHL; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Asgrow 5901 RR’.Additional index words: Herbicide mixtures.Abbreviations: DAT, days after treatment.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate controlled barnyardgrass at least 95%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- glyphosate at 840 and 1,120 g ai/hae1
- Interactor
- Barnyardgrass
Echinochloa crus-gallie1weed - Outcome
- Barnyardgrass was controllede1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- at least 95%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Barnyardgrass was controlled at least 95% with glyphosate at 840 and 1,120 g ai/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass control was not antagonized by any of the glyphosate and broadleaf herbicide mixtures.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- mixturese2
- Interactor
- BarnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie1weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- not antagonizede2
- Comparator
- glyphosatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Barnyardgrass was controlled at least 95% with glyphosate at 840 and 1,120 g ai/ha”
e2“control was not antagonized with any of the mixtures”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate controlled wild poinsettia and prickly sida at least 90% at 14 DAT.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- wild poinsettiae1weed
- Second interactor
- prickly sidae1weed
- Outcome
- wild poinsettia and prickly sida were controllede1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- at least 90%e1
- Qualifier
- At 14 d after treatmente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“At 14 d after treatment (DAT), wild poinsettia and prickly sida were controlled at least 90% with all glyphosate treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild poinsettia was controlled 80% at 28 DAT in the other year with the high rate of glyphosate.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- the high rate of glyphosatee2
- Interactor
- wild poinsettiae1weed
- Outcome
- wild poinsettia was controllede1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- 80%e1
- Qualifier
- in the other yeare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Control remained greater than 90% 28 DAT in one of the 2 yr, but in the other year, wild poinsettia was controlled 80%”
e2“prickly sida was controlled 43% with the high rate of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Prickly sida was controlled 43% at 28 DAT in the other year with the high rate of glyphosate.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- the high rate of glyphosatee2
- Interactor
- prickly sidae2weed
- Outcome
- prickly sida was controllede2
- Direction
- controllede2
- Value
- 43%e2
- Qualifier
- in the other yeare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Control remained greater than 90% 28 DAT in one of the 2 yr, but in the other year, wild poinsettia was controlled 80%”
e2“prickly sida was controlled 43% with the high rate of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen, fomesafen or lactofen with glyphosate increased wild poinsettia control to 91 to 95%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Acifluorfen or fomesafen (210 and 315 g ai/ha), or lactofen (112 and 168 g ai/ha) applied with glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- wild poinsettiae1weed
- Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 91 to 95%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Acifluorfen or fomesafen (210 and 315 g ai/ha), or lactofen (112 and 168 g ai/ha) applied with glyphosate increased wild poinsettia control to 91 to 95% and prickly sida to 60 to 83%”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen, fomesafen or lactofen with glyphosate increased prickly sida control to 60 to 83%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Acifluorfen or fomesafen (210 and 315 g ai/ha), or lactofen (112 and 168 g ai/ha) applied with glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- prickly sidae1weed
- Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 60 to 83%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Acifluorfen or fomesafen (210 and 315 g ai/ha), or lactofen (112 and 168 g ai/ha) applied with glyphosate increased wild poinsettia control to 91 to 95% and prickly sida to 60 to 83%”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen, fomesafen or lactofen applied with glyphosate improved pitted morningglory control at 14 DAT in most cases.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- acifluorfen, fomesafen, or lactofen was applied with glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- pitted morningglorye1weed
- Outcome
- pitted morningglory controle1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Qualifier
- in most casese1
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“At 14 DAT, pitted morningglory control improved in most cases when acifluorfen, fomesafen, or lactofen was applied with glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
CGA-277476 and chlorimuron with glyphosate increased hemp sesbania control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- CGA-277476 (39 and 59 g ai/ha) and chlorimuron (4.5 and 6.7 g ai/ha)e1
- Interactor
- Hemp sesbaniae1weed
- Outcome
- Hemp sesbania controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Hemp sesbania control was increased when glyphosate was applied with these same herbicides as well as CGA-277476 (39 and 59 g ai/ha) and chlorimuron (4.5 and 6.7 g ai/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Improvement in weed control with glyphosate and broadleaf herbicide mixtures was noted only in 1998, when pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania were larger.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate and broadleaf herbicide mixturese1
- Interactor
- pitted morningglorye1weed
- Second interactor
- hemp sesbaniae1weed
- Outcome
- improvement in weed controle1
- Direction
- improvemente1
- Qualifier
- only in 1998e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“But by 28 DAT, improvement in weed control with glyphosate and broadleaf herbicide mixtures was noted only in 1998, when pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania were larger at time of application (15 to 18 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate alone in 1998 controlled pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania no more than 30%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate alonee2
- Interactor
- pitted morningglorye1weed
- Second interactor
- hemp sesbaniae1weed
- Outcome
- controlled these weedse2
- Value
- no more than 30%e2
- Qualifier
- in 1998e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“But by 28 DAT, improvement in weed control with glyphosate and broadleaf herbicide mixtures was noted only in 1998, when pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania were larger at time of application (15 to 18 cm)”
e2“Glyphosate alone in 1998 controlled these weeds no more than 30%”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding acifluorfen or lactofen to glyphosate kept hemp sesbania control consistently more than 80%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- addition of acifluorfen or lactofene1
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae1weed
- Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- more than 80%e1
- Qualifier
- consistentlye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“only for hemp sesbania was control consistently more than 80% with the addition of acifluorfen or lactofen”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/ha controlled pitted morningglory 91% and 98% in 1999 and 2000.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/hae1
- Interactor
- pitted morningglorye1weed
- Outcome
- pitted morningglory was controllede1
- Value
- 91 and 98%e1
- Qualifier
- in 1999 and 2000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“At 28 DAT in 1999 and 2000, when weeds were no more than 10 cm, pitted morningglory was controlled 91 and 98%, respectively, and hemp sesbania 88 and 100%, respectively, with glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/ha controlled hemp sesbania 88% and 100% in 1999 and 2000.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/hae1
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae1weed
- Outcome
- controllede1
- Value
- 88 and 100%e1
- Qualifier
- in 1999 and 2000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“At 28 DAT in 1999 and 2000, when weeds were no more than 10 cm, pitted morningglory was controlled 91 and 98%, respectively, and hemp sesbania 88 and 100%, respectively, with glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen, chlorimuron and lactofen caused soybean injury of as much as 14%, 13% and 23%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and lactofene1
- Outcome
- Soybean injurye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 14, 13, and 23%e1
- Qualifier
- consisting of foliar chlorosis and height reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Soybean injury 28 DAT, consisting of foliar chlorosis and height reduction, was as much as 14, 13, and 23% for the acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and lactofen treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
CGA-277476 and fomesafen caused soybean injury of no more than 6%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- CGA-277476 and fomesafene2
- Outcome
- Soybean injurye1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- no more than 6%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Soybean injury 28 DAT, consisting of foliar chlorosis and height reduction, was as much as 14, 13, and 23% for the acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and lactofen treatments”
e2“but no more than 6% for the CGA-277476 and fomesafen treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding broadleaf herbicides to glyphosate did not improve soybean yield when glyphosate alone gave at least 85% weed control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- addition of broadleaf herbicidese1
- Outcome
- soybean yielde1
- Direction
- did not improvee1
- Qualifier
- When weed control with glyphosate alone was at least 85%e1
- Comparator
- glyphosate alonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“When weed control with glyphosate alone was at least 85%, addition of broadleaf herbicides did not improve soybean yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Control remained greater than 90% at 28 DAT in one of the two years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- Controle1
- Value
- greater than 90%e1
- Qualifier
- 28 DAT in one of the 2 yre1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Control remained greater than 90% 28 DAT in one of the 2 yr, but in the other year, wild poinsettia was controlled 80%”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 76 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.