Abstract
Experiments examining burcucumber management in glufosinate-resistant (GR) and imidazolinone-resistant (IMI) corn were conducted in 1997 and 1998 in southeastern Pennsylvania. GR corn was planted in 38- and 76-cm rows, and postemergence (POST) treatments of glufosinate and glufosinate plus atrazine were applied to corn at the V4 or V5 growth stage. In a second study, IMI corn was planted in 76-cm rows, and 15 preemergence (PRE) and POST herbicide programs were evaluated. Herbicide treatments included RPA-201772, CGA 152005, simazine, imazethapyr plus imazapyr, imazamox, chlorimuron plus thifensulfuron, nicosulfuron plus rimsulfuron plus atrazine, CGA 152005 plus primisulfuron, and combinations with atrazine. Burcucumber germinated throughout the growing season, with greatest emergence occurring in early June, gradually decreasing to minimal emergence by mid-July. Glufosinate alone controlled burcucumber 79 to 90% 7 weeks after planting (WAP) regardless of application timing or row spacing. By 10 to 13 WAP, control was 82% or less due to lack of residual control and new burcucumber emergence. Row spacing had little effect on burcucumber emergence or control and appears to have little impact on burcucumber management in corn. In general, PRE herbicide programs were less effective than POST programs, although PRE treatments containing atrazine equaled some POST herbicides. POST-applied chlorimuron plus thifensulfuron, nicosulfuron plus rimsulfuron plus atrazine, and CGA 152005 plus primisulfuron controlled burcucumber greater than 80 and 90% in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Imazethapyr plus imazapyr and imazamox applied POST controlled burcucumber 66% 10 WAP. Adding atrazine to POST herbicide programs did not increase control, with the exception of imazethapyr plus imazapyr.Nomenclature: Atrazine; chlorimuron; glufosinate; imazamox; imazapyr; imazethapyr; RPA-201772 (proposed name, isoxaflutole), [5-cyclopropyl-4-(2-methyl-sulphonyl-4-trifluoromethyl-benzoyl)isoxozole]; nicosulfuron; primisulfuron; CGA 152005 (proposed name, prosulfuron), {1-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-triazin-2-yl)-3-[2-(3,3,3,-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl-sulfonyl]urea}, rimsulfuron; thifensulfuron; burcucumber, Sicyos angulatus L. #3 SIYAN; corn, Zea mays L.Additional index words: Cultural control, herbicide-resistant crops, weed emergence.Abbreviations: EPOST, early postemergence; GR, glufosinate resistant; HRC, herbicide-resistant crops; IMI, imidazolinone resistant; MPOST, midpostemergence; POST, postemergence; PRE, preemergence; WAP, weeks after planting.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Burcucumber emergence peaked in early June and declined by mid-July.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Interactor
- Burcucumbere0weed
- Outcome
- burcucumber germinatede0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Qualifier
- early June, gradually decreasing to minimal emergence by mid-Julye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Burcucumber germinated throughout the growing season, with greatest emergence occurring in early June, gradually decreasing to minimal emergence by mid-July.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate alone controlled burcucumber 79 to 90% at 7 weeks.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Glufosinate alonee0
- Interactor
- burcucumbere0weed
- Outcome
- burcucumbere0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 79 to 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glufosinate alone controlled burcucumber 79 to 90% 7 weeks after planting (WAP) regardless of application timing or row spacing.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate control was at most 82% by 10 to 13 weeks.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 10 to 13 WAP, control was 82% or less due to lack of residual control and new burcucumber emergence.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Row spacing had little effect on burcucumber emergence or control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Row spacinge0
- Interactor
- burcucumbere0weed
- Outcome
- burcucumber emergence or controle0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Row spacing had little effect on burcucumber emergence or control and appears to have little impact on burcucumber management in corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence programs were generally less effective than postemergence programs.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- PRE herbicide programse0
- Interactor
- burcucumbert0weed
- Outcome
- less effectivee0
- Direction
- less effectivee0
- Comparator
- POST programse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, PRE herbicide programs were less effective than POST programs, although PRE treatments containing atrazine equaled some POST herbicides.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence treatments containing atrazine equaled some postemergence herbicides.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- PRE treatments containing atrazinee0
- Interactor
- burcucumbert0weed
- Outcome
- equalede0
- Direction
- equalede0
- Comparator
- some POST herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, PRE herbicide programs were less effective than POST programs, although PRE treatments containing atrazine equaled some POST herbicides.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Three postemergence herbicide combinations controlled burcucumber above 80% in 1997 and 90% in 1998.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- POST-applied chlorimuron plus thifensulfurone0
- Interactor
- burcucumbere0weed
- Outcome
- burcucumbere0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- greater than 80 and 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“POST-applied chlorimuron plus thifensulfuron, nicosulfuron plus rimsulfuron plus atrazine, and CGA 152005 plus primisulfuron controlled burcucumber greater than 80 and 90% in 1997 and 1998, respectively.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence imazethapyr plus imazapyr controlled burcucumber 66% at 10 weeks.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr plus imazapyre0
- Interactor
- burcucumbere0weed
- Outcome
- burcucumbere0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 66%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imazethapyr plus imazapyr and imazamox applied POST controlled burcucumber 66% 10 WAP.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence imazamox controlled burcucumber 66% at 10 weeks.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- imazamox applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- burcucumbere0weed
- Outcome
- burcucumbere0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 66%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imazethapyr plus imazapyr and imazamox applied POST controlled burcucumber 66% 10 WAP.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding atrazine generally did not increase postemergence control, except with imazethapyr plus imazapyr.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Adding atrazine to POST herbicide programse0
- Interactor
- burcucumbert0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
- Qualifier
- with the exception of imazethapyr plus imazapyre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding atrazine to POST herbicide programs did not increase control, with the exception of imazethapyr plus imazapyr.”
t0“Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Control in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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See all 119 papers →density · control · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.