Abstract
Field experiments were conducted from 2000 to 2002 at the Southern Maryland Research and Education Facility located in Upper Marlboro, MD to evaluate PPI and preemergence/prior-to-transplanting (PRE-T) applications of sulfentrazone in combination with clomazone or pendimethalin on crop injury and yield of Maryland-type tobacco. Pendimethalin was also evaluated alone. The highest levels of tobacco injury in 2000 occurred 3 wk after treatment (WAT) with PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.35 + 0.84 and 0.42 + 0.84 kg ai/ha, averaging 37 and 28%, respectively. In 2001, PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus clomazone at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha or sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha caused 18 and 12% injury, respectively, 3 WAT. Injury in 2002 with all treatments averaged 7% or less 3 WAT. Greater rainfall through 3 WAT occurred in 2000 than in 2001 or 2002, likely contributing to the higher injury in 2000. Tobacco yields were generally similar among herbicide treatments in 2000 and 2001, and tobacco yields for all herbicide treatments were similar in 2002. The quality index was similar in 2000 and 2001, and varied slightly in 2002 among all herbicide treatments. Although a lower price was calculated for the nontreated controls, price did not vary among most herbicide treatments each year. This research shows that injury to Maryland-type tobacco can occur with sulfentrazone in combination with clomazone or pendimethalin, particularly when incorporated, and when high rainfall occurs soon after transplanting. However, injury is transient and generally has no negative influence on tobacco yield, quality, or price. Nomenclature: Clomazone; pendimethalin; sulfentrazone; Maryland-type tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘MD-609’. Additional index words: Crop injury, crop price, crop quality, crop yield. Abbreviations: DAT, days after treatment; PRE-T, preemergence/prior-to-transplanting; WAT, weeks after treatment; WATP, weeks after transplanting.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
In 2000, PPI sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.35 + 0.84 kg ai/ha caused 37% tobacco injury at 3 WAT.
- Taxon
- Tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.35 + 0.84e0
- Outcome
- tobacco injurye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 37e0
- Qualifier
- 3 wk after treatment (WAT)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest levels of tobacco injury in 2000 occurred 3 wk after treatment (WAT) with PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.35 + 0.84 and 0.42 + 0.84 kg ai/ha, averaging 37 and 28%, respectively.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2000, PPI sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.42 + 0.84 kg ai/ha caused 28% tobacco injury at 3 WAT.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.35 + 0.84 and 0.42 + 0.84 kg ai/hae0
- Outcome
- tobacco injurye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 wk after treatment (WAT)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest levels of tobacco injury in 2000 occurred 3 wk after treatment (WAT) with PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.35 + 0.84 and 0.42 + 0.84 kg ai/ha, averaging 37 and 28%, respectively.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2001, PPI sulfentrazone plus clomazone at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha caused 18% tobacco injury at 3 WAT.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus clomazone at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Value
- 18e0
- Qualifier
- 3 WATe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2001, PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus clomazone at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha or sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha caused 18 and 12% injury, respectively, 3 WAT.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2001, PPI sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha caused 12% tobacco injury at 3 WAT.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 WATe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2001, PPI applications of sulfentrazone plus clomazone at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha or sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin at 0.42 + 0.84 kg/ha caused 18 and 12% injury, respectively, 3 WAT.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Injury across all treatments averaged 7% or less at 3 WAT in 2002.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- Injurye0
- Value
- 7% or lesse0
- Qualifier
- 2002 with all treatmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injury in 2002 with all treatments averaged 7% or less 3 WAT.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfall through 3 WAT was greater in 2000 than in 2001 or 2002.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- rainfalle0
- Direction
- Greatere0
- Comparator
- 2001 or 2002e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greater rainfall through 3 WAT occurred in 2000 than in 2001 or 2002”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco yields were generally similar among herbicide treatments in 2000 and 2001.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Tobacco yieldse0
- Direction
- generally similare0
- Comparator
- herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tobacco yields were generally similar among herbicide treatments in 2000 and 2001”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco yields were similar for all herbicide treatments in 2002.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- tobacco yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco yields for all herbicide treatments were similar in 2002”
Claim · model-written summary
The tobacco quality index was similar in 2000 and 2001.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- quality indexe0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The quality index was similar in 2000 and 2001”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tobacco quality index varied slightly among herbicide treatments in 2002.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- quality indexe1
- Direction
- varied slightlye0
- Comparator
- herbicide treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“varied slightly in 2002 among all herbicide treatments”
e1“The quality index was similar in 2000 and 2001, and varied slightly in 2002 among all herbicide treatments.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The nontreated controls had a lower calculated price.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- nontreated controlse0
- Outcome
- pricee0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a lower price was calculated for the nontreated controls”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Price did not vary among most herbicide treatments each year.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- pricee0
- Direction
- did not varye0
- Comparator
- herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“price did not vary among most herbicide treatments each year”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.