Abstract
Twenty-two bacterial isolates were obtained from rhizosphere of wheat plants, grown in saline soil in western region, Saudi Arabia. All the isolates were grown in broth media supplemented with 2 mg/ml L-tryptophan and screened for indole acetic acid production. Out of the isolated bacteria, 17 isolates showed positive results for IAA production. The isolates M1 and M10 were selected and identified using morphological, physiological and biochemical characters as Azotobacter vinelandii MM1 and Streptomyces sp. MM10. Soaking wheat seeds in either Azotobacter vinelandii (AZ) or Streptomyces sp. (ST) or both culture filtrates (AZ+ST) increased significantly wheat germination. Moreover, soil inoculations with the bacterial cells of AZ, ST or AZ+ST increased the growth and development of wheat in normal and saline conditions. There were significant increases in root depth, shoot length and shoot and root dry weights compared to the control. The amounts of phosphate, N, Mg, K and proteins present in wheat shoots, grown in normal and saline soil were also increased by soil inoculation. No significant effect on Ca was found by soil inoculation under non-saline conditions. Increasing NaCl concentration increased proline content but soil inoculation decreased the adverse effects of NaCl and decreased proline concentration compared to control at the same salinity level. In conclusion, results of this study indicated that Streptomyces, Azotobacter vinelandii or both could be utilized as biofertilizer in saline soils. (Magda M. Aly, Hameda El-Sayed Ahmed El Sayed, and Samyah Jastaniah. Synergistic Effect between Azotobacter vinelandii and Streptomyces sp. Isolated From Saline Soil on Seed Germination and Growth of Wheat Plant. J Am Sci 2012;8(5):667-676). (ISSN: 1545-1003).http://www.americanscience.org. 72
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Seventeen wheat-rhizosphere bacterial isolates produced IAA.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Outcome
- IAA productione0
- Value
- 17 isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17 isolates showed positive results for IAA production”
e1“rhizosphere of wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat seed soaking with Azotobacter vinelandii culture filtrate significantly increased germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Soaking wheat seeds in either Azotobacter vinelandii (AZ)e0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter vinelandiiAzotobacter vinelandiie0symbiont
- Outcome
- wheat germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soaking wheat seeds in either Azotobacter vinelandii (AZ) or Streptomyces sp. (ST) or both culture filtrates (AZ+ST) increased significantly wheat germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat seed soaking with Streptomyces sp. culture filtrate significantly increased germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Streptomyces sp. (ST)e0
- Interactor
- Streptomyces sp.
Streptomyces sp.e0symbiont - Outcome
- wheat germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soaking wheat seeds in either Azotobacter vinelandii (AZ) or Streptomyces sp. (ST) or both culture filtrates (AZ+ST) increased significantly wheat germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat seed soaking with combined AZ and ST filtrates significantly increased germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- both culture filtrates (AZ+ST)e0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter vinelandiiAzotobacter vinelandiie1symbiont
- Second interactor
- Streptomyces sp.Streptomyces sp.e1symbiont
- Outcome
- wheat germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both culture filtrates (AZ+ST) increased significantly wheat germination”
e1“Azotobacter vinelandii (AZ) or Streptomyces sp. (ST)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil inoculation with AZ, ST or both increased wheat root depth, shoot length and dry weights versus control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- soil inoculations with the bacterial cells of AZ, ST or AZ+STe0
- Outcome
- root depth, shoot length and shoot and root dry weightse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- normal and saline conditionse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil inoculations with the bacterial cells of AZ, ST or AZ+ST increased the growth and development of wheat in normal and saline conditions. There were significant increases in root depth, shoot length and shoot and root dry weights compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil inoculation increased phosphate, N and Mg in wheat shoots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- wheat shootse0
- Treatment
- soil inoculatione0
- Outcome
- amounts of phosphate, N, Mge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amounts of phosphate, N, Mg, K and proteins present in wheat shoots, grown in normal and saline soil were also increased by soil inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil inoculation increased K and proteins in wheat shoots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- soil inoculatione0
- Outcome
- K and proteins present in wheat shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amounts of phosphate, N, Mg, K and proteins present in wheat shoots, grown in normal and saline soil were also increased by soil inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil inoculation had no significant effect on wheat Ca under non-saline conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- soil inoculatione0
- Outcome
- Cae0
- Direction
- No significant effecte0
- Qualifier
- non-saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant effect on Ca was found by soil inoculation under non-saline conditions”
e1“wheat shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NaCl concentration increased wheat proline content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NaCl concentratione0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing NaCl concentration increased proline content”
e1“wheat shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil inoculation decreased wheat proline relative to control at the same salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- soil inoculatione0
- Outcome
- proline concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- same salinity levele0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil inoculation decreased the adverse effects of NaCl and decreased proline concentration compared to control at the same salinity level”
e1“wheat shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil inoculation decreased the adverse effects of NaCl on wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- soil inoculatione0
- Outcome
- adverse effects of NaCle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil inoculation decreased the adverse effects of NaCl”
e1“wheat shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose Streptomyces, Azotobacter vinelandii or both as biofertilizers for saline soils.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- could be utilized as biofertilizer in saline soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Streptomyces, Azotobacter vinelandii or both could be utilized as biofertilizer in saline soils”
e1“wheat shoots”
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See all 532 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.