Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) is a significant abiotic stress factor exerting multiple effects on plant growth. This study was undertaken to unravel if selenium (Se), an element known to increase the stress tolerance, is able to defend soybean plants against detrimental effects of ambient UV. Soybean plants were grown in soil supplemented with Se at 0, 0.1 and 1.0 mg kg− 1 soil under ambient and filtered solar UV. The influence of ambient and filtered solar UV and of Se was determined on growth of above/below-ground parts, biomass accumulation, rate of photosynthesis, protein, nitrate reductase activity, leghemoglobin content and yield in soybean var. JS 335. Both the low and high Se dosage significantly enhanced the growth of above-ground parts (plant height, leaf area and total biomass accumulation) as well as the growth of below-ground parts (root length, root biomass, number of nodules and fresh weight of nodules) as compared to their control (0 mg kg− 1 soil) plants under ambient and filter control treatments (+ UV-B and UV-A). Leghemoglobin content was higher in the root nodules and the total chlorophyll, total soluble protein and NR activity in leaves were also significantly increased by Se as compared to their controls under ambient and filter control treatments. Similarly, exclusion of solar UV radiations also significantly enhanced these parameters except NR activity as compared to the controls. Selenium increased the grain yield of soybean under ambient conditions. The results suggest that the increased yield of soybean by Se and UV exclusion was related to increased carbon and nitrogen fixation which was evident by the increased rate of photosynthesis, higher activity of nitrate reductase and high amount of leghemoglobin in root nodules of soybean. An increase in physiological indices with Se supply confirmed that Se plays a positive role in improving UV (280–400 nm) tolerance of soybean seedlings. A comparison of results of growing plants in supplementation of Se in soil under ambient UV and without Se supplementation in soil under solar UV exclusion indicates a parallelism between the two effects. Both enhanced the growth of the plants and accumulation of biomass, hence enhanced fixation of carbon and nitrogen, ultimately enhanced the crop yield. Thus Se supply significantly increased the growth and yield of soybean under ambient UV stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Both selenium doses significantly enhanced aboveground growth traits and biomass under ambient and filter controls.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- low and high Se dosagee0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf area and total biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- under ambient and filter control treatments (+ UV-B and UV-A)e0
- Comparator
- control (0 mg kg− 1 soil)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Both the low and high Se dosage significantly enhanced the growth of above-ground parts (plant height, leaf area and total biomass accumulation) as well as the growth of below-ground parts (root length, root biomass, number of nodules and fresh weight of nodules) as compared to their control (0 mg kg− 1 soil) plants under ambient and filter control treatments (+ UV-B and UV-A).”
Claim · model-written summary
Both selenium doses significantly enhanced root growth and nodulation traits.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- low and high Se dosagee0
- Outcome
- root length, root biomass, number of nodulese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control (0 mg kg− 1 soil)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Both the low and high Se dosage significantly enhanced the growth of above-ground parts (plant height, leaf area and total biomass accumulation) as well as the growth of below-ground parts (root length, root biomass, number of nodules and fresh weight of nodules) as compared to their control (0 mg kg− 1 soil) plants under ambient and filter control treatments (+ UV-B and UV-A).”
Claim · model-written summary
Both selenium doses significantly enhanced nodule fresh weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- low and high Se dosagee0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of nodulese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control (0 mg kg− 1 soil)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Both the low and high Se dosage significantly enhanced the growth of above-ground parts (plant height, leaf area and total biomass accumulation) as well as the growth of below-ground parts (root length, root biomass, number of nodules and fresh weight of nodules) as compared to their control (0 mg kg− 1 soil) plants under ambient and filter control treatments (+ UV-B and UV-A).”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium raised leghemoglobin in root nodules.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root nodulese0
- Treatment
- See0
- Outcome
- Leghemoglobin contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- their controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Leghemoglobin content was higher in the root nodules and the total chlorophyll, total soluble protein and NR activity in leaves were also significantly increased by Se as compared to their controls under ambient and filter control treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium significantly increased leaf chlorophyll, soluble protein and nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- See0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll, total soluble protein and NR activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- their controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Leghemoglobin content was higher in the root nodules and the total chlorophyll, total soluble protein and NR activity in leaves were also significantly increased by Se as compared to their controls under ambient and filter control treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Solar UV exclusion significantly enhanced those parameters except nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- exclusion of solar UV radiationse0
- Outcome
- these parameters except NR activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- the controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“exclusion of solar UV radiations also significantly enhanced these parameters except NR activity as compared to the controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium increased soybean grain yield under ambient conditions.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Seleniume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under ambient conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Selenium increased the grain yield of soybean under ambient conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors relate the yield increase under selenium and UV exclusion to increased carbon and nitrogen fixation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Se and UV exclusione0
- Outcome
- increased yielde0
- Qualifier
- increased carbon and nitrogen fixatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“the increased yield of soybean by Se and UV exclusion was related to increased carbon and nitrogen fixation”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium improved UV tolerance of soybean seedlings.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- See0
- Outcome
- UV (280–400 nm) tolerancee0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“Se plays a positive role in improving UV (280–400 nm) tolerance of soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium supplementation under ambient UV and UV exclusion without selenium showed parallel effects.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- a parallelism between the two effectse0
- Qualifier
- supplementation of Se in soil under ambient UV and without Se supplementation in soil under solar UV exclusione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean variety JS-335”
e0“a parallelism between the two effects”
e1“growing plants in supplementation of Se in soil under ambient UV and without Se supplementation in soil under solar UV exclusion”
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