Abstract
Water deficit was applied between 4 and 9 weeks after full bloom by withholding irrigation from 3-year-old Olea europaea L. (`Leccino') plants grown in 2 L containers in a greenhouse. At 6, 8, and 22 weeks after full bloom (AFB), fruit were sampled for fresh weight and volume determinations, and then fixed for anatomical studies. Structural observations and measurements were performed on transverse sections at the point of widest fruit diameter using image analysis. Water deficit applied between 4 and 9 weeks AFB produced a significant decrease in predawn leaf water potential, which reached minimum values of -3.1 MPa. The applied water deficit reduced fruit fresh weight and volume at 8 and 22 weeks AFB. Fruit transverse area of the water deficit treatment was 50%, 33%, and 70% of the irrigated one at the 6-, 8-, and 22-week sampling dates, respectively. Mesocarp growth occurred for both irrigated and water deficit plants between 8 and 22 weeks AFB. At 22 weeks AFB differences between treatments were significant for mesocarp transverse area, but not for endocarp area. Mesocarp cell size, indicated by area, was significantly different between treatments at 8 and 22 weeks AFB. However, the mesocarp cell number was similar for both treatments at all times, and most mesocarp cells were produced by 6 weeks AFB. The growth of endocarp area showed the greatest shift in timing in response to the early water deficit. Ninety percent of endocarp growth had occurred by 8 weeks AFB in the irrigated treatment, but only 40% when the deficit irrigation treatment was imposed.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit significantly lowered predawn leaf water potential to -3.1 MPa.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.
Olea europaeat0 - Treatment
- Water deficite0
- Outcome
- predawn leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- -3.1 MPae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit applied between 4 and 9 weeks AFB produced a significant decrease in predawn leaf water potential, which reached minimum values of -3.1 MPa.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit reduced fruit fresh weight at 8 and 22 weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- water deficite0
- Outcome
- fruit fresh weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 8 and 22 weeks AFBe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applied water deficit reduced fruit fresh weight and volume at 8 and 22 weeks AFB.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit reduced fruit volume at 8 and 22 weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- water deficite0
- Outcome
- volumee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 8 and 22 weeks AFBe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applied water deficit reduced fruit fresh weight and volume at 8 and 22 weeks AFB.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit transverse area under water deficit was 50% of the irrigated treatment at 6- weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- water deficit treatmente0
- Outcome
- Fruit transverse areae0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Qualifier
- 6-e0
- Comparator
- irrigated onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit transverse area of the water deficit treatment was 50%, 33%, and 70% of the irrigated one at the 6-, 8-, and 22-week sampling dates, respectively.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit transverse area under water deficit was 33% of the irrigated treatment at 8- weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- water deficit treatmente0
- Outcome
- Fruit transverse areae0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Qualifier
- 8-e0
- Comparator
- irrigated onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit transverse area of the water deficit treatment was 50%, 33%, and 70% of the irrigated one at the 6-, 8-, and 22-week sampling dates, respectively.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit transverse area under water deficit was 70% of the irrigated treatment at 22-week weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- water deficit treatmente0
- Outcome
- Fruit transverse areae0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Qualifier
- 22-weeke0
- Comparator
- irrigated onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit transverse area of the water deficit treatment was 50%, 33%, and 70% of the irrigated one at the 6-, 8-, and 22-week sampling dates, respectively.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesocarp grew between 8 and 22 weeks AFB under both irrigation conditions.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Organ / stage
- Mesocarpe0
- Outcome
- Mesocarp growthe0
- Qualifier
- between 8 and 22 weeks AFBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mesocarp growth occurred for both irrigated and water deficit plants between 8 and 22 weeks AFB.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesocarp transverse area differed significantly between treatments at 22 weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Outcome
- mesocarp transverse areae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 22 weeks AFB differences between treatments were significant for mesocarp transverse area, but not for endocarp area.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Endocarp area did not differ significantly between treatments at 22 weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Outcome
- endocarp areae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 22 weeks AFB differences between treatments were significant for mesocarp transverse area, but not for endocarp area.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesocarp cell size differed significantly between treatments at 8 and 22 weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Outcome
- Mesocarp cell sizee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mesocarp cell size, indicated by area, was significantly different between treatments at 8 and 22 weeks AFB.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesocarp cell number was similar across treatments at all times.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Outcome
- mesocarp cell numbere0
- Direction
- similare0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mesocarp cell number was similar for both treatments at all times”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Most mesocarp cells had formed by 6 weeks AFB.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Outcome
- most mesocarp cells were producede0
- Qualifier
- by 6 weeks AFBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most mesocarp cells were produced by 6 weeks AFB”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Early water deficit shifted the timing of endocarp area growth most strongly.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- early water deficite0
- Outcome
- growth of endocarp areae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of endocarp area showed the greatest shift in timing in response to the early water deficit.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
By 8 weeks AFB, irrigated fruit had completed 90% of endocarp growth.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- irrigated treatmente0
- Outcome
- endocarp growthe0
- Value
- Ninety percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ninety percent of endocarp growth had occurred by 8 weeks AFB in the irrigated treatment, but only 40% when the deficit irrigation treatment was imposed.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
By 8 weeks AFB, deficit irrigated fruit had completed only 40% of endocarp growth.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea L.Olea europaeat0
- Treatment
- deficit irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- endocarp growthe0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- irrigated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ninety percent of endocarp growth had occurred by 8 weeks AFB in the irrigated treatment, but only 40% when the deficit irrigation treatment was imposed.”
t0“Olea europaea L.”
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