Abstract
The United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository at Corvallis, Oregon preserves genetic resources for Rubus. The in vitro collection includes about 200 accessions. In vitro cold storage of these accessions is at 4°C with 12 h of low light. Storage facilities for germplasm collections vary, but one week of cold acclimation followed by 4°C storage in the dark or with a photoperiod is acceptable for most Rubus germplasm when quarterly evaluation inventories are used to determine timing of repropagation. A reduced-nitrogen medium extends room temperature storage to nine months and is a useful alternative for cold sensitive and tropical genotypes which typically only survive for a short time in cold storage. Meristems of 34 cold-acclimated genotypes of Rubus (blackberry and raspberry) were successfully cryopreserved by slow cooling through optimization of cryoprotectants, cooling rates and cold acclimation. Alternating low temperatures as a cold acclimation (CA) treatment improved recovery of shoot tips cryopreserved by slow freezing. The length of the CA required varied from 1 to 10 weeks and was genotype dependent. Cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips produced shoots directly from either apical meristems or axillary buds, but not from callus. Shooting increased and callus formation decreased when IBA was eliminated from the recovery medium. Shoot tips of 25 genotypes in 9 Rubus species were successfully cryopreserved using encapsulation-dehydration with recovery of 60–100%. Four genotypes of 3 species were tested using PVS2 vitrification with 71% average regrowth. A protocol for cryopreservation of Rubus germplasm should include a CA period of 2–10 weeks and recovery on auxin-free medium. These studies confirm that all three cryopreservation protocols may be used for cryopreservation of a wide range of Rubus genetic resources.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
A reduced-nitrogen medium extends room temperature storage of Rubus in vitro to nine months.
- Treatment
- reduced-nitrogen mediume1
- Outcome
- room temperature storagee1
- Direction
- extendse1
- Value
- nine monthse1
RubusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e1“A reduced-nitrogen medium extends room temperature storage to nine months”
Claim · model-written summary
A reduced-nitrogen medium is a useful alternative for cold-sensitive and tropical Rubus genotypes.
- Outcome
- useful alternative for cold sensitive and tropical genotypese2
- Qualifier
- typically only survive for a short time in cold storagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e2“is a useful alternative for cold sensitive and tropical genotypes which typically only survive for a short time in cold storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Meristems of 34 cold-acclimated Rubus genotypes were successfully cryopreserved by slow cooling.
- Material
- cold-acclimated genotypese3
- Organ / stage
- Meristemse3
- Treatment
- slow coolinge3
- Outcome
- successfully cryopreservede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e3“Meristems of 34 cold-acclimated genotypes of Rubus (blackberry and raspberry) were successfully cryopreserved by slow cooling through optimization of cryoprotectants, cooling rates and cold acclimation”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternating low temperatures as a cold acclimation treatment improved recovery of shoot tips cryopreserved by slow freezing.
- Organ / stage
- shoot tipse4
- Treatment
- Alternating low temperatures as a cold acclimation (CA) treatmente4
- Outcome
- recovery of shoot tipse4
- Direction
- improvede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e4“Alternating low temperatures as a cold acclimation (CA) treatment improved recovery of shoot tips cryopreserved by slow freezing”
Claim · model-written summary
The cold acclimation period required for cryopreservation of Rubus varies from 1 to 10 weeks depending on genotype.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e5“The length of the CA required varied from 1 to 10 weeks and was genotype dependent”
Claim · model-written summary
Cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips produced shoots directly from apical meristems or axillary buds, but not from callus.
- Organ / stage
- apical meristems or axillary budse6
- Outcome
- produced shootse6
- Qualifier
- but not from calluse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e6“Cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips produced shoots directly from either apical meristems or axillary buds, but not from callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Shooting of cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips increased when IBA was eliminated from the recovery medium.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e7“Shooting increased and callus formation decreased when IBA was eliminated from the recovery medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Callus formation of cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips decreased when IBA was eliminated from the recovery medium.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e7“Shooting increased and callus formation decreased when IBA was eliminated from the recovery medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot tips of 25 Rubus genotypes from 9 species were successfully cryopreserved by encapsulation-dehydration, with 60–100% recovery.
- Material
- genotypese1
- Organ / stage
- Shoot tipse1
- Treatment
- encapsulation-dehydratione1
- Outcome
- recoverye1
- Value
- 60–100%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e1“Shoot tips of 25 genotypes in 9 Rubus species were successfully cryopreserved using encapsulation-dehydration with recovery of 60–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Four Rubus genotypes of 3 species had 71% average regrowth after PVS2 vitrification.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e1“Four genotypes of 3 species were tested using PVS2 vitrification with 71% average regrowth”
Claim · model-written summary
A Rubus cryopreservation protocol should include a 2–10 week cold acclimation period and recovery on auxin-free medium.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e1“A protocol for cryopreservation of Rubus germplasm should include a CA period of 2–10 weeks and recovery on auxin-free medium”
Claim · model-written summary
All three cryopreservation protocols may be used for a wide range of Rubus genetic resources.
- Outcome
- all three cryopreservation protocols may be usede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e1“These studies confirm that all three cryopreservation protocols may be used for cryopreservation of a wide range of Rubus genetic resources”
Claim · model-written summary
One week of cold acclimation followed by 4°C storage is acceptable for most Rubus germplasm.
- Treatment
- one week of cold acclimation followed by 4°C storage in the dark or with a photoperiode1
- Outcome
- acceptable for most Rubus germplasme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF RUBUS GERMPLASM”
e1“one week of cold acclimation followed by 4°C storage in the dark or with a photoperiod is acceptable for most Rubus germplasm”
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.