Abstract
A field study was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Kampasagar, Nalgonda district of Andhra Pradesh during the kharif seasons of 2008 and 2009 to find out the effect of irrigation schedules, weed management practices and nitrogen levels on weed growth, nutrient depletion and yield of aerobic rice. The major weed flora observed in the experimental plot was Echinochloa colona L., Cynodon dactylon Pers., Dactyloctenium aegyptium Beauv., Cyperus rotundus L. (Monocots), Eclipta alba Hassk., Trianthemaportulacastrum L. and Amaranthus viridis L. (Dicots) during both the years. Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stage resulted in significantly higher weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest than that of irrigation scheduled once in two days. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb cono weeding at 30 DAS and one HW at 45 DAS recorded significantly lower weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK uptake by weeds and significantly higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, NPK uptake at harvest and grain yield than that of pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS and HW at 20 and 45 DAS. Among latter treatments, significantly lower values of above said weed parameters and significantly higher crop parameters were observed with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS as compared to HW at 20 and 45 DAS. Weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and panicle number, length and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest were significantly higher at 180 kg N/ha during both the years.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The plot contained seven named major weed species.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- major weed florae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The major weed flora observed in the experimental plot was Echinochloa colona L., Cynodon dactylon Pers., Dactyloctenium aegyptium Beauv., Cyperus rotundus L. (Monocots), Eclipta alba Hassk., Trianthemaportulacastrum L. and Amaranthus viridis L. (Dicots) during both the years.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven- and four-day irrigation increased weed density, dry matter and NPK removal versus two-day irrigation.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stagee0
- Outcome
- weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weedse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- irrigation scheduled once in two dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stage resulted in significantly higher weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest than that of irrigation scheduled once in two days.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven- and four-day irrigation increased rice panicle number and weight, filled spikelets and grain yield.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stagee0
- Outcome
- panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- irrigation scheduled once in two dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stage resulted in significantly higher weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest than that of irrigation scheduled once in two days.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven- and four-day irrigation increased rice NPK uptake at harvest.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stagee0
- Outcome
- NPK uptake at harveste0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- irrigation scheduled once in two dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation scheduled at seven days interval during vegetative stage and four days interval during reproductive stage resulted in significantly higher weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest than that of irrigation scheduled once in two days.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by cono weeding and hand weeding lowered weed density, biomass and NPK uptake versus the alternative programs.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb cono weeding at 30 DAS and one HW at 45 DASe0
- Outcome
- weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK uptake by weedse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS and HW at 20 and 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb cono weeding at 30 DAS and one HW at 45 DAS recorded significantly lower weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK uptake by weeds and significantly higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, NPK uptake at harvest and grain yield than that of pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS and HW at 20 and 45 DAS.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
That pendimethalin and cono weeding program raised panicle traits, NPK uptake and grain yield.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb cono weeding at 30 DAS and one HW at 45 DASe0
- Outcome
- panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, NPK uptake at harvest and grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS and HW at 20 and 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb cono weeding at 30 DAS and one HW at 45 DAS recorded significantly lower weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK uptake by weeds and significantly higher panicle number and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, NPK uptake at harvest and grain yield than that of pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS and HW at 20 and 45 DAS.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D reduced weed parameters versus hand weeding.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DASe0
- Outcome
- weed parameterse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- HW at 20 and 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly lower values of above said weed parameters and significantly higher crop parameters were observed with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS as compared to HW at 20 and 45 DAS.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D increased crop parameters versus hand weeding.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DASe0
- Outcome
- crop parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- HW at 20 and 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly lower values of above said weed parameters and significantly higher crop parameters were observed with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha fb 2, 4-D Na salt @ 1 kg/ha at 40 DAS as compared to HW at 20 and 45 DAS.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 180 kg N/ha weed density, dry matter and NPK removal were higher.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 180 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- Weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weedse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and panicle number, length and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest were significantly higher at 180 kg N/ha during both the years.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 180 kg N/ha panicle traits and grain yield were higher.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 180 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- panicle number, length and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and panicle number, length and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest were significantly higher at 180 kg N/ha during both the years.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 180 kg N/ha rice NPK uptake at harvest was higher.
- Taxon
- Rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 180 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- NPK uptake at harveste0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed density, weed dry matter production and NPK removal by weeds and panicle number, length and weight, filled spikelets per panicle, grain yield and NPK uptake at harvest were significantly higher at 180 kg N/ha during both the years.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
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