Abstract
Effectiveness of pollination/fertilization inhibitors for flower thinning depends highly on the precise timing of sprays within 24 to 36 h after flower opening. In 1999, cool weather delayed the application of hormone-type thinners, which were intended for at bloom comparison with pollination/fertilization. Pollination inhibitors applied in bloom and hormone thinners applied at petal fall or 8 mm fruit diameter caused good fruit thinning. Ethephon applied in bloom did not cause thinning of `Empire' fruit, but Sevin + Accel + Oil caused good fruit thinning when applied in bloom. Sevin + Accel + Oil increase fruit diameter and did not affect fruit russet. Ethephon applied at 22 mm fruit diameter at water rates of 935 L/ha or 3741 L/ha and chemical rates of 21.5 L/ha or 42.9 L/ha did not cause significant fruit thinning. In 1998, pollination inhibitors and hormone-type growth regulators caused flower and fruit thinning of `Starkrimson'/MM111/106 trees. Good thinning occurred with both pollination inhibitors and ethephon treatments; but Sevin + Accel + oil was not as effective. Thinex caused the most side russet. Treatments that thinned generally caused increased fruit diameter. In 1999, return bloom was promoted by early thinning, but ethephon did not appear to promote return bloom beyond the thinning effect. In 1998, endothall caused good thinning of `York'/MM.111 with a minimum of foliage injury. Fruit diameter was increased. Thinning with endothall in 1998 greatly increased return bloom in 1999, but trees were slightly over thinned. Fruit injury caused by carbaryl was almost non-existant in 1999 in two tests having over 25 carbaryl treatments that compared different formulations and adjuvants for thinning and injury. Some very slight, non-significant injury, may have occurred with three of nine formulations tested when trees were shaded. Shading trees for 1 day in conjunction with carbaryl sprays also did not promote injury. In a previous year, shading trees promoted carbaryl injury. A tank mix of Oil with either 50WP, 80WP, XLR, or 4L formulations caused 3 to 8% of the fruit to show injury at a very low intensity. However, in an adjoining block, Sevin + Accel + Regulaid caused injury to >50% of the fruit when applied the same day as the other experiments. Further investigations on this problem are in progress.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination inhibitors applied in bloom and hormone thinners applied at petal fall or 8 mm fruit diameter caused good fruit thinning of apple.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Pollination inhibitors applied in bloom and hormone thinners applied at petal fall or 8 mm fruit diametere0
- Outcome
- fruit thinninge0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Pollination inhibitors applied in bloom and hormone thinners applied at petal fall or 8 mm fruit diameter caused good fruit thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon applied in bloom did not cause thinning of Empire fruit.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Empiree0
- Treatment
- Ethephon applied in bloome0
- Outcome
- thinning of `Empire' fruite0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Ethephon applied in bloom did not cause thinning of `Empire' fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Sevin + Accel + Oil applied in bloom caused good fruit thinning.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Sevin + Accel + Oile0
- Outcome
- fruit thinninge0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Qualifier
- when applied in bloome0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Sevin + Accel + Oil caused good fruit thinning when applied in bloom”
Claim · model-written summary
Sevin + Accel + Oil increased fruit diameter.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Sevin + Accel + Oile0
- Outcome
- fruit diametere0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Sevin + Accel + Oil increase fruit diameter and did not affect fruit russet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sevin + Accel + Oil did not affect fruit russet.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Sevin + Accel + Oile0
- Outcome
- fruit russete0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Sevin + Accel + Oil increase fruit diameter and did not affect fruit russet”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon applied at 22 mm fruit diameter at the tested water and chemical rates did not cause significant fruit thinning.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Ethephon applied at 22 mm fruit diametere0
- Outcome
- fruit thinninge0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Ethephon applied at 22 mm fruit diameter at water rates of 935 L/ha or 3741 L/ha and chemical rates of 21.5 L/ha or 42.9 L/ha did not cause significant fruit thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998, pollination inhibitors and hormone-type growth regulators caused flower and fruit thinning of Starkrimson/MM111/106 trees.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Starkrimsone0
- Treatment
- pollination inhibitors and hormone-type growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- flower and fruit thinninge0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“In 1998, pollination inhibitors and hormone-type growth regulators caused flower and fruit thinning of `Starkrimson'/MM111/106 trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon treatments gave good thinning.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ethephon treatmentse0
- Outcome
- thinninge0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Good thinning occurred with both pollination inhibitors and ethephon treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Sevin + Accel + oil was not as effective for thinning as pollination inhibitors and ethephon.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Sevin + Accel + oile0
- Outcome
- not as effectivee0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Sevin + Accel + oil was not as effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinex caused the most side russet.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Thinexe0
- Outcome
- side russete0
- Direction
- moste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Thinex caused the most side russet”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments that thinned generally caused increased fruit diameter.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Treatments that thinnede0
- Outcome
- fruit diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Treatments that thinned generally caused increased fruit diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1999, early thinning promoted return bloom.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- early thinninge0
- Outcome
- return bloome0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“In 1999, return bloom was promoted by early thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon did not appear to promote return bloom beyond the thinning effect.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- return bloome0
- Direction
- did not appear to promotee0
- Qualifier
- beyond the thinning effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“ethephon did not appear to promote return bloom beyond the thinning effect”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998, endothall caused good thinning of York/MM.111 trees with a minimum of foliage injury.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Yorke0
- Treatment
- endothalle0
- Outcome
- good thinninge0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“In 1998, endothall caused good thinning of `York'/MM.111 with a minimum of foliage injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning with endothall in 1998 greatly increased return bloom in 1999, but trees were slightly over thinned.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Thinning with endothalle0
- Outcome
- return bloome0
- Direction
- greatly increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Thinning with endothall in 1998 greatly increased return bloom in 1999”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit injury caused by carbaryl was almost non-existent in 1999.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- carbaryle0
- Outcome
- Fruit injurye0
- Direction
- almost non-existante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Fruit injury caused by carbaryl was almost non-existant in 1999”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading trees for 1 day together with carbaryl sprays did not promote fruit injury.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Shading trees for 1 day in conjunction with carbaryl sprayse0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- did not promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“Shading trees for 1 day in conjunction with carbaryl sprays also did not promote injury”
Claim · model-written summary
A tank mix of Oil with the 50WP, 80WP, XLR or 4L formulations caused 3 to 8% of the fruit to show injury at a very low intensity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- A tank mix of Oil with either 50WP, 80WP, XLR, or 4L formulationse0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 3 to 8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“A tank mix of Oil with either 50WP, 80WP, XLR, or 4L formulations caused 3 to 8% of the fruit to show injury at a very low intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Sevin + Accel + Regulaid caused injury to more than 50% of the fruit in an adjoining block.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Sevin + Accel + Regulaide0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- >50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple”
e0“in an adjoining block, Sevin + Accel + Regulaid caused injury to >50% of the fruit”
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See all 147 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.