Abstract
Studies on diversity of soil insects in kidney bean ecosystem revealed that maximum scarab beetles (34 and 56) were captured in the light trap during second and first fortnight of August 2004 and 2005, respectively. The cutworm moth catch was maximum (22 and 25) during first and last week of July 2004 and 2005, respectively. The grub population in soil was found to increase from June to August and declined thereafter. The average grub population (2004 & 2005) in soil under kidney bean ecosystems was maximum (1.665 grubs/cu. ft.) in the month of August. Studies conducted in the adjoining pea and buckwheat fields also indicated a similar trend with respect to grub population in soil. The species composition of scarab beetles on fruit trees (walnut, apple and apricot) revealed the predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis. Evaluation of some insecticides as seed treatment/soil application for the management of soil insects viz. white grubs, cut worms and weevil revealed that quinalphos and chlorpyriphos both @ 800 g a.i./ha as soil treatment and imidacloprid as seed treatment @ 4ml/kg seed were highly effective against white grubs and resulted in higher reduction in plant mortality (61.60, 59.64 and 57.88%, respectively) compared to other insecticides. These treatments along with thiamethoxam applied @ 2 g/kg seed were also effective in reducing cutworm populations. Against weevils (Strophosomoides kumaoensis Aslam), however, seed treatment with organophosphorus pesticides viz. chlorpyriphos and quinalphos @ 4 ml/kg seed was more effective resulting in 47.67 and 47.07 per cent reduction in weevil population, respectively. Although, the percent increase in yield of kidney bean over control was maximum following imidacloprid seed treatment; however, considering efficacy as well as economics, seed treatment with chlorpyriphos and quinalphos@ 4 ml/kg seed were the most effective for the collective management of all the three insect pest species.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Scarab beetle light-trap catch peaked in the second fortnight of August 2004 at 34.
- Taxon
- kidney bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Outcome
- scarab beetlese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 34e0
- Qualifier
- second and first fortnight of August 2004 and 2005e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum scarab beetles (34 and 56) were captured in the light trap during second and first fortnight of August 2004 and 2005, respectively”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Scarab beetle light-trap catch peaked in the first fortnight of August 2005 at 56.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- scarab beetlese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 56e0
- Qualifier
- first fortnight of August 2004 and 2005e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum scarab beetles (34 and 56) were captured in the light trap during second and first fortnight of August 2004 and 2005, respectively”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutworm moth catch peaked in the first week of July 2004 at 22.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- cutworm moth catche0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 22e0
- Qualifier
- first and last week of July 2004 and 2005e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cutworm moth catch was maximum (22 and 25) during first and last week of July 2004 and 2005, respectively”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutworm moth catch peaked in the last week of July 2005 at 25.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- cutworm moth catche0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 25e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cutworm moth catch was maximum (22 and 25) during first and last week of July 2004 and 2005, respectively”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil grub population rose from June to August and then declined.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- grub population in soile0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- from June to Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grub population in soil was found to increase from June to August and declined thereafter”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
The average soil grub population in kidney bean peaked in August at 1.665 grubs/cu. ft.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Outcome
- grub populatione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.665 grubs/cu. ft.e0
- Qualifier
- in the month of Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average grub population (2004 & 2005) in soil under kidney bean ecosystems was maximum (1.665 grubs/cu. ft.) in the month of August”
Claim · model-written summary
Adjoining pea fields had a similar seasonal soil grub trend.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Outcome
- grub population in soile0
- Direction
- similar trende0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Studies conducted in the adjoining pea and buckwheat fields also indicated a similar trend with respect to grub population in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Adjoining buckwheat fields had a similar seasonal soil grub trend.
Verbatim
e0“Studies conducted in the adjoining pea and buckwheat fields also indicated a similar trend with respect to grub population in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis predominated among scarab beetles on walnut.
- Taxon
- walnute0
- Interactor
- Brahmina coriaceaee0pest
- Second interactor
- Holotrichia longipennisEotrichia longipennise0pest
- Outcome
- predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennise0
Verbatim
e0“The species composition of scarab beetles on fruit trees (walnut, apple and apricot) revealed the predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis”
Claim · model-written summary
Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis predominated among scarab beetles on apple.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Interactor
- Brahmina coriaceaee0pest
- Second interactor
- Holotrichia longipennisEotrichia longipennise0pest
- Outcome
- predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The species composition of scarab beetles on fruit trees (walnut, apple and apricot) revealed the predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis”
Claim · model-written summary
Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis predominated among scarab beetles on apricot.
- Taxon
- apricot
Prunus armeniacae0 - Interactor
- Brahmina coriaceaee0pest
- Second interactor
- Holotrichia longipennisEotrichia longipennise0pest
- Outcome
- predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The species composition of scarab beetles on fruit trees (walnut, apple and apricot) revealed the predominance of Brahmina coriaceae and Holotrichia longipennis”
Claim · model-written summary
quinalphos reduced white-grub-associated plant mortality by 61.60% relative to other insecticides.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- quinalphose0
- Interactor
- white grubse0pest
- Outcome
- plant mortalitye0
- Direction
- higher reductione0
- Value
- 61.60e0
- Comparator
- other insecticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quinalphos and chlorpyriphos both @ 800 g a.i./ha as soil treatment and imidacloprid as seed treatment @ 4ml/kg seed were highly effective against white grubs and resulted in higher reduction in plant mortality (61.60, 59.64 and 57.88%, respectively) compared to other insecticides”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
chlorpyriphos reduced white-grub-associated plant mortality by 59.64% relative to other insecticides.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- chlorpyriphose0
- Interactor
- white grubse0pest
- Outcome
- plant mortalitye0
- Direction
- higher reductione0
- Value
- 59.64e0
- Comparator
- other insecticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quinalphos and chlorpyriphos both @ 800 g a.i./ha as soil treatment and imidacloprid as seed treatment @ 4ml/kg seed were highly effective against white grubs and resulted in higher reduction in plant mortality (61.60, 59.64 and 57.88%, respectively) compared to other insecticides”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
imidacloprid reduced white-grub-associated plant mortality by 57.88% relative to other insecticides.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- white grubse0pest
- Outcome
- plant mortalitye0
- Direction
- higher reductione0
- Value
- 57.88%e0
- Comparator
- other insecticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quinalphos and chlorpyriphos both @ 800 g a.i./ha as soil treatment and imidacloprid as seed treatment @ 4ml/kg seed were highly effective against white grubs and resulted in higher reduction in plant mortality (61.60, 59.64 and 57.88%, respectively) compared to other insecticides”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
The effective white-grub treatments also reduced cutworm populations.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- These treatmentse0
- Interactor
- cutworme0pest
- Outcome
- cutworm populationse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments along with thiamethoxam applied @ 2 g/kg seed were also effective in reducing cutworm populations”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam seed treatment reduced cutworm populations.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam applied @ 2 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- cutworme0pest
- Outcome
- cutworm populationse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments along with thiamethoxam applied @ 2 g/kg seed were also effective in reducing cutworm populations”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
chlorpyriphos seed treatment reduced weevil population by 47.67%.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- chlorpyriphose0
- Interactor
- weevile0pest
- Outcome
- weevil populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 47.67e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed treatment with organophosphorus pesticides viz. chlorpyriphos and quinalphos @ 4 ml/kg seed was more effective resulting in 47.67 and 47.07 per cent reduction in weevil population, respectively”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
quinalphos seed treatment reduced weevil population by 47.07%.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- quinalphose0
- Interactor
- weevile0pest
- Outcome
- weevil populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 47.07 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed treatment with organophosphorus pesticides viz. chlorpyriphos and quinalphos @ 4 ml/kg seed was more effective resulting in 47.67 and 47.07 per cent reduction in weevil population, respectively”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid seed treatment gave the largest kidney bean yield increase over control.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- imidacloprid seed treatmente0
- Outcome
- yield of kidney beane0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the percent increase in yield of kidney bean over control was maximum following imidacloprid seed treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors favored chlorpyriphos and quinalphos seed treatment for collective management of the three pests on efficacy and economic grounds.
- Taxon
- kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- seed treatment with chlorpyriphos and quinalphos@ 4 ml/kg seede0
- Qualifier
- considering efficacy as well as economicse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“considering efficacy as well as economics, seed treatment with chlorpyriphos and quinalphos@ 4 ml/kg seed were the most effective for the collective management of all the three insect pest species”
t0“kidney bean ecosystem”
The same questions in other papers
chlorpyrifos · pest · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
thiamethoxam · pest · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
imidacloprid · pest · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
imidacloprid · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →seed treatment · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.