Abstract
Three experiments were carried out at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University during the period from February 2011 to May 2012 to know the population dynamics of whitefly on bush bean, okra and soybean, and to develop its management practices. Insecticides used for bush bean were bamper (imidacloprid) 20 SL, shobicron 425 EC, actara (thiamethoxam), chlorpyriphos 20 EC, sinothrin (cypermethrin) 10 EC, fortap (cartap) 50 SP; for okra, ripcord (cypermethrin), 5% tamarind fruit extract, 10% neem leaf extract, 10% bullock’s heart leaf extract, 10% dodder extract, 10% oleander leaf extract, 10%, dhutra leaf extract and 10% dholkolmi leaf extract; for soybean, marshal (carbosulfan) 20 EC, semcap (fenthoate), dursban (chlorpyriphos) 20 EC, basathrin (cypermethrin) 10 EC, fiter (λ-cyhalothrin) 2.5 EC, Shobicron 425 EC, Actara (Thiamethoxam) 25 WG. All three experiments were set in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and treatments were applied at 10 days interval. The population of whitefly was gradually increased with environmental temperature and humidity up to certain age of the cultivated crops then declined with increasing age of the crops. It was lower in okra than bush bean and soybean due to rainfall during the rainy season. All the chemical insecticides reduced the population of whitefly in bush bean and soybean, and increased their yields. In bush bean, imidacloprid showed the best performance by reducing 64.13% population of whitefly and increasing 66.00% yield of fresh fruits. The lowest population of whitefly (4.8 plant-1) and the highest fruit yield (4.92 t ha-1) were obtained by application of dhutra leaf extract on okra. Oleander leaf extract also gave the similar results against whitefly attacking okra and showed better performance than cypermethrin 10 EC in reducing whitefly population and increasing fruit yield.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly populations increased with temperature and humidity then declined as crops aged.
Verbatim
e0“The population of whitefly was gradually increased with environmental temperature and humidity up to certain age of the cultivated crops then declined with increasing age of the crops.”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly populations declined with increasing crop age.
Verbatim
e0“then declined with increasing age of the crops.”
t0“Whitefly on Cultivated Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly populations were lower on okra than bush bean and soybean.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Interactor
- whiteflyt0pest
- Outcome
- lowere0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- bush bean and soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“It was lower in okra than bush bean and soybean due to rainfall during the rainy season.”
t0“Whitefly”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical insecticides reduced whitefly populations in bush bean.
- Taxon
- bush beane0
- Treatment
- chemical insecticidese0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- population of whiteflye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“All the chemical insecticides reduced the population of whitefly in bush bean and soybean, and increased their yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical insecticides reduced whitefly populations in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- chemical insecticidese0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- population of whiteflye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the chemical insecticides reduced the population of whitefly in bush bean and soybean, and increased their yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical insecticides increased bush bean yield.
- Taxon
- bush beane0
- Treatment
- chemical insecticidese0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“All the chemical insecticides reduced the population of whitefly in bush bean and soybean, and increased their yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical insecticides increased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- chemical insecticidese0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the chemical insecticides reduced the population of whitefly in bush bean and soybean, and increased their yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid reduced bush bean whitefly populations by 64.13%.
- Taxon
- bush beane0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- population of whiteflye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 64.13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In bush bean, imidacloprid showed the best performance by reducing 64.13% population of whitefly and increasing 66.00% yield of fresh fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid increased fresh bush bean fruit yield by 66%.
- Taxon
- bush beane0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- yield of fresh fruitse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 66.00%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In bush bean, imidacloprid showed the best performance by reducing 64.13% population of whitefly and increasing 66.00% yield of fresh fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Duttra leaf extract gave lowest whitefly population on okra.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- dhutra leaf extracte0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- population of whiteflye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 4.8 plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest population of whitefly (4.8 plant-1) and the highest fruit yield (4.92 t ha-1) were obtained by application of dhutra leaf extract on okra.”
Claim · model-written summary
Duttra leaf extract gave highest okra fruit yield.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- dhutra leaf extracte0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.92 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest population of whitefly (4.8 plant-1) and the highest fruit yield (4.92 t ha-1) were obtained by application of dhutra leaf extract on okra.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oleander extract reduced okra whitefly populations more effectively than cypermethrin.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- Oleander leaf extracte0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- whitefly populatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- cypermethrin 10 ECe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oleander leaf extract also gave the similar results against whitefly attacking okra and showed better performance than cypermethrin 10 EC in reducing whitefly population and increasing fruit yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oleander extract increased okra fruit yield more effectively than cypermethrin.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- Oleander leaf extracte0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- cypermethrin 10 ECe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oleander leaf extract also gave the similar results against whitefly attacking okra and showed better performance than cypermethrin 10 EC in reducing whitefly population and increasing fruit yield.”
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