Abstract
ABSTRACT The large production of sewage sludge (SS), especially in large urban centers, has led to the suggestion of using this waste as fertilizer in agriculture. The economic viability of this action is great and contributes to improve the environment by cycling the nutrients present in this waste, including high contents of organic matter and plant nutrients. This study evaluated the chemical and biochemical properties of Dystrophic and EutroferricLatossolos Vermelhos (Oxisols) under corn and after SS application at different rates for 16 years. The field experiment was carried out in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil, using a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of control - T1 (mineral fertilization, without SS application), 5 Mg ha-1 SS - T2, 10 Mg ha-1 SS - T3, and 20 Mg ha-1 SS - T4 (dry weight base). The data were submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by the Duncan test at 5 %. Sewage sludge increased P extracted by resin in both theLatossolos Vermelhos, Dystrophic and Eutroferric, and the organic matter content in the Dystrophic Latossolo Vermelho. The waste at the rate 20 Mg ha-1 on a dry weight basis promoted increases in acid phosphatase activity in Eutroferric Latossolo Vermelho, basal respiration and metabolic quotient in DystrophicLatossolo Vermelho. The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basis did not alter the soil microbial biomass in both the Latossolos Vermelhos; in addition, it improved corn yields without inducing any symptoms of phytotoxicity or nutrient deficiency in the plants.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge increased resin-extractable P in Oxisols under corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- Sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- P extracted by resine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sewage sludge increased P extracted by resin”
e1“under corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge increased organic matter content in the Dystrophic Latossolo Vermelho under corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- organic matter contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Dystrophic Latossolo Vermelhoe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sewage sludge increased P extracted by resin in both theLatossolos Vermelhos, Dystrophic and Eutroferric, and the organic matter content in the Dystrophic Latossolo Vermelho”
e1“under corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge at 20 Mg ha-1 (dry weight) increased acid phosphatase activity in the Eutroferric Latossolo Vermelho.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- The waste at the rate 20 Mg ha-1 on a dry weight basise0
- Outcome
- acid phosphatase activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- Eutroferric Latossolo Vermelhoe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The waste at the rate 20 Mg ha-1 on a dry weight basis promoted increases in acid phosphatase activity in Eutroferric Latossolo Vermelho”
e1“under corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge at 20 Mg ha-1 (dry weight) increased basal respiration and metabolic quotient in the Dystrophic Latossolo Vermelho.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- The waste at the rate 20 Mg ha-1 on a dry weight basise0
- Outcome
- basal respiration and metabolic quotiente0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- DystrophicLatossolo Vermelhoe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The waste at the rate 20 Mg ha-1 on a dry weight basis promoted increases in acid phosphatase activity in Eutroferric Latossolo Vermelho, basal respiration and metabolic quotient in DystrophicLatossolo Vermelho”
e1“under corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge at 20 Mg ha-1 did not alter soil microbial biomass in either Latossolo Vermelho.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basise0
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomasse0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basis did not alter the soil microbial biomass in both the Latossolos Vermelhos”
e1“under corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge at 20 Mg ha-1 improved corn yields.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basise1
- Outcome
- corn yieldse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in addition, it improved corn yields without inducing any symptoms of phytotoxicity or nutrient deficiency in the plants”
e1“The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basis”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge at 20 Mg ha-1 did not induce symptoms of phytotoxicity or nutrient deficiency in corn plants.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basise1
- Outcome
- symptoms of phytotoxicity or nutrient deficiencye0
- Direction
- without inducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in addition, it improved corn yields without inducing any symptoms of phytotoxicity or nutrient deficiency in the plants”
e1“The rate 20 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge on a dry weight basis”
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