Paper · 1993 · Plant Disease

Potential for Zero Residue Disease Control Programs for Fresh and Processed Apples Using Sulfur, Fenarimol, and Myclobutanil

A. L. Jones

9
claims
9
verbatim quotes
4
citations
4
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

In 1990 and 1991, efficacy of disease control and fungicide residues in raw and processed products were evaluated for spray programs for scab (Venturia inaequa(is) and sooty blotch (Gloeodes pomigena) on three cultivars of apple (Malus×domestica). Spray programs based exclusively on fenarimol and myclobutanil resulted in suboptimum control of fruit scab and no control of sooty blotch. A spray program of sulfur and one consisting of tebuconazole plus captan resulted in good and excellent control of apple scab, respectively. Both programs provided adequate control of sooty blotch. Residues of fenarimol and myclobutanil in unwashed raw apples and in frozen slices, sauce, and juice concentrate made from washed and peeled apples were far below tolerance levels established by the Environmental Protection Agency

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fenarimol-only sprays gave suboptimum fruit scab control.

Treatment
fenarimole0
Outcome
fruit scabe0
Direction
suboptimume0

Not reportedTaxonInteractorInteractor roleComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spray programs based exclusively on fenarimol and myclobutanil resulted in suboptimum control of fruit scab and no control of sooty blotch.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 248–387 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Myclobutanil-only sprays gave suboptimum fruit scab control.

Treatment
myclobutanile0
Outcome
fruit scabe0
Direction
suboptimume0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spray programs based exclusively on fenarimol and myclobutanil resulted in suboptimum control of fruit scab and no control of sooty blotch.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 248–387 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fenarimol-only sprays did not control sooty blotch.

Treatment
fenarimole0
Outcome
sooty blotche0
Direction
no controle0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spray programs based exclusively on fenarimol and myclobutanil resulted in suboptimum control of fruit scab and no control of sooty blotch.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 248–387 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Myclobutanil-only sprays did not control sooty blotch.

Treatment
myclobutanile0
Outcome
sooty blotche0
Direction
no controle0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Spray programs based exclusively on fenarimol and myclobutanil resulted in suboptimum control of fruit scab and no control of sooty blotch.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 248–387 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sulfur sprays gave good apple scab control.

Treatment
sulfure0
Outcome
apple scabe0
Direction
goode0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A spray program of sulfur and one consisting of tebuconazole plus captan resulted in good and excellent control of apple scab, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 388–528 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tebuconazole plus captan gave excellent apple scab control.

Treatment
tebuconazole plus captane0
Outcome
apple scabe0
Direction
excellente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A spray program of sulfur and one consisting of tebuconazole plus captan resulted in good and excellent control of apple scab, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 388–528 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both sulfur and tebuconazole plus captan programs adequately controlled sooty blotch.

Outcome
adequate control of sooty blotche0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Both programs provided adequate control of sooty blotch.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–585 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fenarimol residues in raw and processed apples were far below EPA tolerances.

Outcome
Residues of fenarimole0
Direction
far belowe0
Comparator
tolerance levels established by the Environmental Protection Agencye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Residues of fenarimol and myclobutanil in unwashed raw apples and in frozen slices, sauce, and juice concentrate made from washed and peeled apples were far below tolerance levels established by the Environmental Protection Agency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 586–816 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Myclobutanil residues in raw and processed apples were far below EPA tolerances.

Outcome
myclobutanile0
Direction
far belowe0
Comparator
tolerance levels established by the Environmental Protection Agencye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Residues of fenarimol and myclobutanil in unwashed raw apples and in frozen slices, sauce, and juice concentrate made from washed and peeled apples were far below tolerance levels established by the Environmental Protection Agency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 586–816 · show in text ↑

myclobutanil · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

4 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

sulfur atom · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

20 papers: 19 positive, 1 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

16 papers more in this group

See all 20 papers →

fenarimol · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

captan · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree

11 papers: 11 positive, 0 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

tebuconazole · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree

11 papers: 11 positive, 0 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.