Abstract
A detached leaf bioassay was used to evaluate several systemic inducing resistance agents, a range of biostimulant products and a conventional triazole fungicide (myclobutanil) on apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) development under laboratory conditions. None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls. All SIR agents used in this investigation (potassium phosphonate, potassium phosphite, harpin protein, salicylic acid, salicylic acid derivative) inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severity. The synthetic fungicide myclobutanil resulted in the greatest levels of germination inhibition, reduced appressorium development and leaf scab severity. Results suggest application of an appropriate SIR product may provide a useful addition to existing methods of apple scab management; however, use of biostimulants as scab protectant compounds appears limited.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
seaweed extract did not inhibit conidial germination, appressorium formation or leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- seaweed extracte0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- Nonee0
- Comparator
- water treated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
betaine did not inhibit conidial germination, appressorium formation or leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- betainee0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- Nonee0
- Comparator
- water treated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
molasses did not inhibit conidial germination, appressorium formation or leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- molassese0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- Nonee0
- Comparator
- water treated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
humic acid did not inhibit conidial germination, appressorium formation or leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- humic acide0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- Nonee0
- Comparator
- water treated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
yucca extract did not inhibit conidial germination, appressorium formation or leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- yucca extracte0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- Nonee0
- Comparator
- water treated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
plant hormone/vitamin complex did not inhibit conidial germination, appressorium formation or leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- plant hormone/vitamin complexe0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- Nonee0
- Comparator
- water treated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the biostimulant products (seaweed extract, betaine, molasses, humic acid, yucca extract, and plant hormone/vitamin complex) evaluated in this study inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria or reduced leaf scab severity compared to water treated controls.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium phosphonate inhibited apple scab conidial germination and appressorium formation and reduced leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- potassium phosphonatee0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All SIR agents used in this investigation (potassium phosphonate, potassium phosphite, harpin protein, salicylic acid, salicylic acid derivative) inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severity.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium phosphite inhibited apple scab conidial germination and appressorium formation and reduced leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- potassium phosphitee0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All SIR agents used in this investigation (potassium phosphonate, potassium phosphite, harpin protein, salicylic acid, salicylic acid derivative) inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severity.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
harpin protein inhibited apple scab conidial germination and appressorium formation and reduced leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- harpin proteine0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All SIR agents used in this investigation (potassium phosphonate, potassium phosphite, harpin protein, salicylic acid, salicylic acid derivative) inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severity.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
salicylic acid inhibited apple scab conidial germination and appressorium formation and reduced leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All SIR agents used in this investigation (potassium phosphonate, potassium phosphite, harpin protein, salicylic acid, salicylic acid derivative) inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severity.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
salicylic acid derivative inhibited apple scab conidial germination and appressorium formation and reduced leaf scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid derivativee0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All SIR agents used in this investigation (potassium phosphonate, potassium phosphite, harpin protein, salicylic acid, salicylic acid derivative) inhibited germination of apple scab conidia, subsequent formation of appressoria and reduced leaf scab severity.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Myclobutanil gave the greatest inhibition of apple scab germination and reduced appressorium development and scab severity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- myclobutanile0
- Interactor
- Apple Scabt0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination inhibition, reduced appressorium development and leaf scab severitye0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The synthetic fungicide myclobutanil resulted in the greatest levels of germination inhibition, reduced appressorium development and leaf scab severity.”
t0“Apple Scab”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest appropriate SIR products may aid apple scab management.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- application of an appropriate SIR product may provide a useful addition to existing methods of apple scab managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results suggest application of an appropriate SIR product may provide a useful addition to existing methods of apple scab management; however, use of biostimulants as scab protectant compounds appears limited.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude biostimulants have limited value as scab protectants.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- apple scabe0pathogen
- Outcome
- use of biostimulants as scab protectant compounds appears limitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results suggest application of an appropriate SIR product may provide a useful addition to existing methods of apple scab management; however, use of biostimulants as scab protectant compounds appears limited.”
t0“Apple”
The same questions in other papers
molasses · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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- positive
glycine betaine · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
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myclobutanil · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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See all 6 papers →potassium · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
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See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.