Abstract
SummaryPlants of tomato cvs Marroquí, Moneymaker and Red Top were grown under four experimental conditions: high temperature (33/23°C, day/night) with summer light (467 nmol m_2s_l) (HTNI), high temperature (33/23°C) with low light (280 |nmol irT2s_l) HTLI), low temperature (27/4°C) with winter light (291 nmol m_2s_l) (LTNI), and low temperature (27/4°C) with low light (175 |imol nT2s_l) (LTLI), to study effects on stigma levels (defined as the difference between pistil length (PL) and stamen length (SL)) and ovule viability, in flowers at five phenological stages of flower-opening. Other plants of the same cultivars were treated by LT during the initial phase of embryo development and compared with controls grown at normal temperatures. In fully opened flowers of ‘Marroquí’ and ‘Moneymaker’, stigma levels were highest under HT, although stigmatic exsertion was significant only in ‘Moneymaker’. Stigma levels of ‘Red Top’ depended little on temperature. Stigma levels produced by LI were higher than those of NI, but illumination.had less effect than temperature. Variations of stigma level with treatment depended more on SL than PL. Exsertion followed treatment only at phenologically advanced stages (petals and sepals open more than 45°). Temperature and light did not affect ovule viability, although HTLI showed least ovule viability. Ovules under HT were significantly more receptive early in development than those under LT. Winter failures of tomato fruit-set appear not to result from effects on stigma level or ovule viability, or by an early interruption of embryo development.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
In fully opened Marroquí flowers, stigma level was highest under high temperature.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- Marroquíe0
- Organ / stage
- fully opened flowerse0
- Treatment
- HTe0
- Outcome
- stigma levelse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fully opened flowers of ‘Marroquí’ and ‘Moneymaker’, stigma levels were highest under HT, although stigmatic exsertion was significant only in ‘Moneymaker’.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
In fully opened Moneymaker flowers, stigma level was highest under high temperature and stigmatic exsertion was significant.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Moneymakere0
- Organ / stage
- fully opened flowerse0
- Treatment
- HTe0
- Outcome
- stigma levelse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fully opened flowers of ‘Marroquí’ and ‘Moneymaker’, stigma levels were highest under HT, although stigmatic exsertion was significant only in ‘Moneymaker’.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Red Top stigma levels depended little on temperature.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Red Tope0
- Treatment
- temperaturee0
- Outcome
- Stigma levelse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stigma levels of ‘Red Top’ depended little on temperature.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Low light produced higher stigma levels than normal illumination.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stigma levels produced by LI were higher than those of NI, but illumination.had less effect than temperature.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Illumination affected stigma levels less than temperature did.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- illuminatione0
- Outcome
- Stigma levelse0
- Direction
- less effecte0
- Comparator
- temperaturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stigma levels produced by LI were higher than those of NI, but illumination.had less effect than temperature.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment-related variation in stigma level depended more on stamen length than pistil length.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- stamene1
- Outcome
- Variations of stigma levele0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- PLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variations of stigma level with treatment depended more on SL than PL.”
e1“stigma levels (defined as the difference between pistil length (PL) and stamen length (SL))”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Stigma exsertion followed treatment only at advanced flower-opening stages.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- phenologically advanced stagese0
- Outcome
- Exsertion followed treatmente0
- Qualifier
- petals and sepals open more than 45°e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exsertion followed treatment only at phenologically advanced stages (petals and sepals open more than 45°).”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature and light did not affect tomato ovule viability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Temperature and lighte0
- Outcome
- ovule viabilitye0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Temperature and light did not affect ovule viability, although HTLI showed least ovule viability.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The high temperature and low light treatment showed the least ovule viability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HTLIe0
- Outcome
- ovule viabilitye0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Temperature and light did not affect ovule viability, although HTLI showed least ovule viability.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Ovules under high temperature were significantly more receptive early in development than under low temperature.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- early in developmente0
- Treatment
- HTe0
- Outcome
- Ovulese0
- Direction
- more receptivee0
- Comparator
- LTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ovules under HT were significantly more receptive early in development than those under LT.”
t0“in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that winter failures of tomato fruit set appear unrelated to stigma level, ovule viability, or early embryo interruption.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- Winter failures of tomato fruit-sete0
- Qualifier
- appear not to result from effects on stigma level or ovule viability, or by an early interruption of embryo developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter failures of tomato fruit-set appear not to result from effects on stigma level or ovule viability, or by an early interruption of embryo development.”
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light · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
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