Abstract
This report deals with the results obtained in the various peanuts relative to the evaluation of calcium movement from the vegetative tissue to the fruiting organs when the nutrient treatments which differential amounts of calcium were applied to the fruiting zone, to essential amounts of calcium in the fruiting zone required for fruit filling, and to the quantitative difference of fractional calcium in above treatments. The isolated methods as reported previously, were begun on the various peanuts, and the nutrient solutions which contained the following amounts of calcium were added at weekly intervals to the fruiting zone of 2.8 kg acid-washed sand throughout the experiment: distilled water, minus Ca, 20 mg. Ca, 40 mg. Ca, and 60 mg. Ca as the complete solution. Before the pegs had penetrated the sand of the fruiting zone, 0.3 mc. of radiocalcium was applied to the rooting zone of each plant. 1. It was found that in case of runner type the immature pods including the subterranean pegs were more numbered than the aerial pegs, and that in case of bunch types the aerial pegs were more numbered than the immature pods. So far as those varieties are concerned, the unfilled fruits were formated only on the plants of Virginia type, and bunch varieties of the same type were found to have a greater tolerance against the formation of unfilled fruit than the runner ones. The rate of calcium contents in the shell and seed of Spanish varieties was somewhat greater than that of Virginia and Valencia. 2. The levels of calcium amounts of the fruiting zone where the unfilled fruits were formated, were 20 and 0 mg per 2.8 kg sand for Chiba-74 (runner type) and Tachi-Rakkasai (bunch type), respectively. In Southern Cross (bunch type of small-seed), irrespective of the amounts of calcium in this zone there were not observed the yield of unfilled fruits. In general the differences in the concentration of calcium in the fruiting zone seemed to have greatly affected calcium contents of the shell in all varieties, except in Southern Cross. On the other hand, there were no considerable differences in calcium contents in the seed of the above samples, but the contents of Chiba-74 were apparently less than the other two bunch vatieties. When the calcium deficient treatments were given in the fruiting zone, the very active translocation of Ca45 was observed from the vegetative tissue into the shells and seeds of the above varieties, and the movement of the labeled calcium into the seed in the bunch varieties was found to be more active than in the runner one. With adequate calcium supplied in the fruiting zone, the shells and seeds of fully developed fruits contained very small amounts of labeled calcium. 3. In the shell, alcohol soluble calcium in the filled fruits of the bunch types did not show any difference in various calcium treatments of the fruiting zone, while on the other hand, that of the runner type seemed to have sensitively increased by the increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zone. Additionally, there were high contents of calcium in the unfilled fruits, especially when they were due to the high concentration of calcium in the fruiting zone. Regardless of the various calcium levels of the fruiting zones, the shell was found to have almost the constant contents of acetic acid soluble calcium, excepting in the case of high calcium level in Southern Cross. The contents of HCl soluble calcium were increased by the increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zone in any case, but in the minus calcium, it seemed to have the tendency that the shell having two unfilled seeds in the mature pod had lower contents of calcium than the ordinary shell. In the seed, each amount of alcohol soluble and acetic acid soluble calcium remained almost unchanged independently both of the increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zone and of the types. [the rest omitted]
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Runner peanut types had more immature pods including subterranean pegs than aerial pegs.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- runner typee0
- Outcome
- immature pods including the subterranean pegse0
- Direction
- more numberede0
- Comparator
- aerial pegse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in case of runner type the immature pods including the subterranean pegs were more numbered than the aerial pegs”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Bunch peanut types had more aerial pegs than immature pods.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- bunch typese0
- Outcome
- aerial pegse0
- Direction
- more numberede0
- Comparator
- immature podse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in case of bunch types the aerial pegs were more numbered than the immature pods”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfilled fruits occurred only on Virginia type peanut plants.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Virginia typee0
- Outcome
- unfilled fruits were formatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the unfilled fruits were formated only on the plants of Virginia type”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Bunch Virginia peanut varieties tolerated unfilled fruit formation better than runner varieties.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- bunch varietiese0
- Outcome
- tolerance against the formation of unfilled fruite0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- runner onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bunch varieties of the same type were found to have a greater tolerance against the formation of unfilled fruit than the runner ones”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Spanish varieties had a somewhat greater calcium content rate in shell and seed than Virginia and Valencia.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Spanish varietiese0
- Outcome
- calcium contents in the shell and seede0
- Direction
- somewhat greatere0
- Comparator
- Virginia and Valenciae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of calcium contents in the shell and seed of Spanish varieties was somewhat greater than that of Virginia and Valencia”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfilled fruits occurred at 20 mg calcium per 2.8 kg sand in Chiba-74.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Chiba-74e0
- Outcome
- unfilled fruitse0
- Value
- 20 and 0 mg per 2.8 kg sande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of calcium amounts of the fruiting zone where the unfilled fruits were formated, were 20 and 0 mg per 2.8 kg sand for Chiba-74 (runner type) and Tachi-Rakkasai (bunch type), respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfilled fruits occurred at zero calcium per 2.8 kg sand in Tachi-Rakkasai.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Tachi-Rakkasaie0
- Outcome
- unfilled fruitse0
- Value
- 0 mg per 2.8 kg sande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of calcium amounts of the fruiting zone where the unfilled fruits were formated, were 20 and 0 mg per 2.8 kg sand for Chiba-74 (runner type) and Tachi-Rakkasai (bunch type), respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Southern Cross yielded no unfilled fruits across fruiting-zone calcium amounts.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Southern Crosse0
- Outcome
- yield of unfilled fruitse0
- Direction
- not observede0
- Qualifier
- irrespective of the amounts of calcium in this zonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Southern Cross (bunch type of small-seed), irrespective of the amounts of calcium in this zone there were not observed the yield of unfilled fruits”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruiting-zone calcium concentration affected shell calcium content except in Southern Cross.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- concentration of calcium in the fruiting zonee0
- Outcome
- calcium contents of the shelle0
- Qualifier
- except in Southern Crosse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“differences in the concentration of calcium in the fruiting zone seemed to have greatly affected calcium contents of the shell in all varieties, except in Southern Cross”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed calcium content did not differ considerably across the samples.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- calcium contents in the seede0
- Direction
- no considerable differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no considerable differences in calcium contents in the seed of the above samples”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Chiba-74 seed calcium content was lower than that of the other two bunch varieties.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Chiba-74e0
- Outcome
- contentse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- other two bunch vatietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of Chiba-74 were apparently less than the other two bunch vatieties”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium-deficient fruiting zones produced active Ca45 translocation from vegetative tissue to shells and seeds.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- shells and seedse0
- Treatment
- calcium deficient treatmentse0
- Outcome
- translocation of Ca45e0
- Direction
- very activee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the calcium deficient treatments were given in the fruiting zone, the very active translocation of Ca45 was observed from the vegetative tissue into the shells and seeds of the above varieties”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca45 movement into seed was more active in bunch varieties than in runner varieties.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- bunch varietiese0
- Outcome
- movement of the labeled calcium into the seede0
- Direction
- more activee0
- Comparator
- runner onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the movement of the labeled calcium into the seed in the bunch varieties was found to be more active than in the runner one”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
With adequate fruiting-zone calcium, fully developed shells and seeds had very little labeled calcium.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- adequate calcium supplied in the fruiting zonee0
- Outcome
- labeled calciume0
- Qualifier
- very small amountse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With adequate calcium supplied in the fruiting zone, the shells and seeds of fully developed fruits contained very small amounts of labeled calcium”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Bunch-type filled-fruit shell alcohol-soluble calcium did not differ among calcium treatments.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- bunch typese0
- Treatment
- various calcium treatments of the fruiting zonee0
- Outcome
- alcohol soluble calciume0
- Direction
- did not show any differencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alcohol soluble calcium in the filled fruits of the bunch types did not show any difference in various calcium treatments of the fruiting zone”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Runner-type shell alcohol-soluble calcium increased with fruiting-zone calcium supply.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- runner typee0
- Treatment
- increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zonee0
- Outcome
- alcohol soluble calciume0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alcohol soluble calcium in the filled fruits of the bunch types did not show any difference in various calcium treatments of the fruiting zone, while on the other hand, that of the runner type seemed to have sensitively increased by the increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zone”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfilled fruits had high calcium content, especially with high fruiting-zone calcium.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- contents of calcium in the unfilled fruitse0
- Qualifier
- high concentration of calcium in the fruiting zonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were high contents of calcium in the unfilled fruits, especially when they were due to the high concentration of calcium in the fruiting zone”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Shell acetic-acid-soluble calcium was almost constant across fruiting-zone calcium levels except at high calcium in Southern Cross.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- contents of acetic acid soluble calciume0
- Direction
- almost the constante0
- Qualifier
- high calcium level in Southern Crosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the shell was found to have almost the constant contents of acetic acid soluble calcium, excepting in the case of high calcium level in Southern Cross”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Shell HCl-soluble calcium increased as fruiting-zone calcium supply increased.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zonee0
- Outcome
- contents of HCl soluble calciume0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of HCl soluble calcium were increased by the increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zone in any case”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed alcohol-soluble and acetic-acid-soluble calcium remained almost unchanged across calcium supplies and types.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- alcohol soluble and acetic acid soluble calciume0
- Direction
- remained almost unchangede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“each amount of alcohol soluble and acetic acid soluble calcium remained almost unchanged independently both of the increasing supply of calcium in the fruiting zone and of the types”
t0“Peanut”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · nutrient: content · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.