Abstract
Apple seeds at certain stages of development have been shown to contain a hormone which can be extracted with boiling water and which is active in stimulating the development of unpollinated tomato ovaries. Use has been made of this latter fact to detect and measure the amount of hormone present in the seeds at various stages of development, using the methods described in the previous paper (see pp. 19 to 31).In the variety Beauty of Bath the appearance of the hormone in the seed at 25-30 days after petal-fall corresponded with the cessation of the post-blossom drop, and the disappearance of hormone from the seeds of nearly ripe apples was correlated with the occurrence of the pre-harvest drop. The seeds from “ June drop ” fruitlets of two other varieties contained much less hormone than those from fruitlets remaining attached to the tree, and from this and other evidence it is concluded that this hormone is concerned with the control of fruit drop. It appears to be produced in the endosperm tissue of the seed but not in the embryo. Although it will stimulate the development of tomato ovaries it apparently plays no direct part in initiating fruit growth in the apple. The presence of a second, as yet undetected, hormone with this function is postulated.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Apple seeds at certain developmental stages contained an extractable hormone.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticae0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- contain a hormonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apple seeds at certain stages of development have been shown to contain a hormone which can be extracted with boiling water”
Claim · model-written summary
The extracted apple seed hormone stimulated unpollinated tomato ovary development.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- unpollinated tomato ovariese0
- Treatment
- a hormonee0
- Outcome
- development of unpollinated tomato ovariese0
- Direction
- stimulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a hormone which can be extracted with boiling water and which is active in stimulating the development of unpollinated tomato ovaries”
Claim · model-written summary
In Beauty of Bath, seed hormone appearance at 25-30 days after petal fall coincided with post blossom drop cessation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Beauty of Bathe0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- cessation of the post-blossom drope0
- Qualifier
- 25-30 days after petal-falle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the variety Beauty of Bath the appearance of the hormone in the seed at 25-30 days after petal-fall corresponded with the cessation of the post-blossom drop”
t0“the Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone disappearance from nearly ripe apple seeds correlated with pre harvest drop.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- occurrence of the pre-harvest drope0
- Qualifier
- disappearance of hormonee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the disappearance of hormone from the seeds of nearly ripe apples was correlated with the occurrence of the pre-harvest drop”
Claim · model-written summary
June drop fruitlet seeds of two other varieties had much less hormone than attached fruitlets.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- hormonee0
- Direction
- much lesse0
- Comparator
- fruitlets remaining attached to the treee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seeds from “ June drop ” fruitlets of two other varieties contained much less hormone than those from fruitlets remaining attached to the tree”
t0“the Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the hormone is involved in controlling apple fruit drop.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- control of fruit drope0
- Qualifier
- this hormonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is concluded that this hormone is concerned with the control of fruit drop”
t0“the Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The hormone appears to be produced in seed endosperm.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- endosperm tissue of the seede0
- Outcome
- producede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It appears to be produced in the endosperm tissue of the seed”
t0“the Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The hormone apparently is not produced in the embryo.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- embryoe0
- Outcome
- not in the embryoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It appears to be produced in the endosperm tissue of the seed but not in the embryo”
t0“the Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The hormone apparently does not directly initiate apple fruit growth.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- initiating fruit growthe0
- Qualifier
- no direct parte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it apparently plays no direct part in initiating fruit growth in the apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate a second undetected hormone that initiates apple fruit growth.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- initiating fruit growthe1
- Qualifier
- second, as yet undetected, hormonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of a second, as yet undetected, hormone with this function is postulated”
e1“initiating fruit growth in the apple”
The same questions in other papers
class · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.